The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Evaluation of the Applicability of Synthetic Fuels and Their Life Cycle Analyses
Open accessAbstract
This paper summarizes the findings of a detailed assessment of synthetic, electricity-based fuels for use in aviation, shipping, and road transport. The fuels considered correspond to the most promising alternatives that were analyzed as part of the German research project BEniVer (Begleitforschung Energiewende im Verkehr—Accompanying Research for the Energy Transition in Transport) initiated by the German Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action (BMWK). Focusing on usage, infrastructure, and ecological analyses, several e-fuels were evaluated and compared to fossil fuels according to the specific sector. It turns out that for all sectors evaluated, the existing sustainable synthetic fuels are already compatible with current technology and regulations. In shipping and road transport, the use of advanced, sustainable fuels will allow for a more distinct reduction in emissions once technology and regulations are adopted. However, standard-compliant synthetic gasoline and diesel are considered the most promising fuels for use in road transport if the transition to electricity is not realized as quickly as planned. For the aviation sector, the number of sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs) is limited. Here, the current aim is the introduction of a 100% SAF as soon as possible to also tackle non-CO2 emissions.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Richter, S., Braun-Unkhoff, M., Hasselwander, S., & Haas, S.
- Affiliations
- Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR) (DE)
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Combustion Technology, Pfaffenwaldring 38-40, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
- Research Center for Energy Economics (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Richter, Sandra
- Venue
- Energies
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2024-02-20
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 981
- ISSN
- 1996-1073 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4391996534
- Cited by
- 24
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 3
- FWCI
- 3.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Energies (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- elib (German Aerospace Center) (acceptedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action (03EiV116A-G)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Advanced Aircraft Design and Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Energy Engineering and Power Technology › Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems
- Physical Sciences › Chemical Engineering › Catalysis › Catalysts for Methane Reforming
- Keywords
- synthetic fuels, e-fuels, sustainable aviation fuel, life cycle assessment, synthetic gasoline, synthetic diesel, road transport, aviation emissions, non-CO2 emissions, fuel infrastructure, fossil fuel comparison
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- Richter, S., Braun-Unkhoff, M., Hasselwander, S., & Haas, S. (2024). Evaluation of the Applicability of Synthetic Fuels and Their Life Cycle Analyses. Energies. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17050981
