Cited by 110Fermentation and Sensory AnalysisBiochemical and biochemical processesAdvanced Scientific Research Methods

Biotechnological Processes in Fruit Vinegar Production

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Luzón-Quintana, Luz María, Castro, Remedios, Durán-Guerrero, Enrique·2021·Foods

Abstract

The production of fruit vinegars as a way of making use of fruit by-products is an option widely used by the food industry, since surplus or second quality fruit can be used without compromising the quality of the final product. The acetic nature of vinegars and its subsequent impact on the organoleptic properties of the final product allows almost any type of fruit to be used for its elaboration. A growing number of scientific research studies are being carried out on this matrix, and they are revealing the importance of controlling the processes involved in vinegar elaboration. Thus, in this review, we will deal with the incidence of technological and biotechnological processes on the elaboration of fruit vinegars other than grapes. The preparation and production of the juice for the elaboration of the vinegar by means of different procedures is an essential step for the final quality of the product, among which crushing or pressing are the most employed. The different conditions and processing methods of both alcoholic and acetic fermentation also affect significantly the final characteristics of the vinegar produced. For the alcoholic fermentation, the choice between spontaneous or inoculated procedure, together with the microorganisms present in the process, have special relevance. For the acetic fermentation, the type of acetification system employed (surface or submerged) is one of the most influential factors for the final physicochemical properties of fruit vinegars. Some promising research lines regarding fruit vinegar production are the use of commercial initiators to start the acetic fermentation, the use of thermotolerant bacteria that would allow acetic fermentation to be carried out at higher temperatures, or the use of innovative technologies such as high hydrostatic pressure, ultrasound, microwaves, pulsed electric fields, and so on, to obtain high-quality fruit vinegars.

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  • Fruit vinegar production offers advantages including low raw material requirements, a relatively short fermentation period, high biological activity, and a more diverse flavor profile.

    “As an important method of fruit processing, fruit vinegar production offers several key advantages: low raw material requirements, a relatively short fermentation period, high biological activity, and a more diverse flavor profile [4].”

    From The Metabolic Pathways of Yeast and Acetic Acid Bacteria During Fruit Vinegar Fermentation and Their Influence on Flavor Development (2025) · cites this paper as [4]

    The Introduction says fruit vinegar can be made from surplus and second-quality fruit, and Raw Material describes antioxidant activity and fruit-specific aromas. Acetic Fermentation reports short fermentation times for submerged systems, but Alcoholic Fermentation says duration varies with the fruit and process. The paper therefore does not establish a relatively short fermentation period as a general advantage of fruit vinegar production. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Luzón-Quintana, L. M., Castro, R., & Durán-Guerrero, E.
Affiliations
  • Universidad de Cádiz (ES)
  • Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences-IVAGRO, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), University of Cadiz, Campus Universitario de Puerto Real, s/n, Puerto Real, 11510 Cadiz, Spain
Corresponding author
Castro, Remedios
Venue
Foods
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2021-04-26
Volume
10
Issue
5
Pages
945
ISSN
2304-8158 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3157667493
Cited by
110
References
12
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 5
FWCI
1.79
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Foods (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • RODIN (Universidad de Cádiz) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Fermentation and Sensory Analysis
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biotechnology › Biochemical and biochemical processes
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Advanced Scientific Research Methods
Keywords
fruit vinegar, vinegar production, fruit by-products, alcoholic fermentation, acetification, surface fermentation, submerged fermentation, spontaneous fermentation, inoculated fermentation, thermotolerant bacteria, high hydrostatic pressure, ultrasound, microwave processing, pulsed electric field, physicochemical properties, sensory properties

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