Cited by 507Pluripotent Stem Cells ResearchDevelopmental Biology and Gene RegulationPlanarian Biology and Electrostimulation

Programming Pluripotent Precursor Cells Derived from Xenopus Embryos to Generate Specific Tissues and Organs

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Borchers, Annette, Pieler, Tomas·2010·Genes

Abstract

Xenopus embryos provide a rich source of pluripotent cells that can be differentiated into functional organs. Since the molecular principles of vertebrate organogenesis appear to be conserved between Xenopus and mammals, this system can provide useful guidelines for the directional manipulation of human embryonic stem cells. Pluripotent Xenopus cells can be easily isolated from the animal pole of blastula stage Xenopus embryos. These so called “animal cap” cells represent prospective ectodermal cells, but give rise to endodermal, mesodermal and neuro-ectodermal derivatives if treated with the appropriate factors. These factors include evolutionary conserved modulators of the key developmental signal transduction pathways that can be supplied either by mRNA microinjection or direct application of recombinant proteins. This relatively simple system has added to our understanding of pancreas, liver, kidney, eye and heart development. In particular, recent studies have used animal cap cells to generate ectopic eyes and hearts, setting the stage for future work aimed at programming pluripotent cells for regenerative medicine.

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  • Multiple sensors used to monitor various aspects of a target may be independent of each other, not designed to work together or provide a unified view of the system being monitored.

    “Besides, multiple sensors are used to monitor various aspects of the target (Borchers and Pieler 2010; Dong et al. 2022). These sensors may be independent of each other (Poitras et al. 2019), meaning that they are not designed to work together or provide a unified view of the system being monitored.”

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Authors
Borchers, A., & Pieler, T.
Affiliations
University of Göttingen (DE)
Corresponding author
Borchers, Annette
Venue
Genes
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2010-11-18
Volume
1
Issue
3
Pages
413-426
ISSN
2073-4425 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2126635564
Cited by
506
References
45
Citations by year
2026: 82 · 2025: 132 · 2024: 145 · 2023: 130 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2013: 1
FWCI
0.13
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Genes (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
  • GoeScholar The Publication Server of the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Planarian Biology and Electrostimulation
Keywords
Xenopus embryo, organogenesis, pancreatic development, liver development, kidney development, human embryonic stem cells, regenerative medicine, mRNA microinjection

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