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Cited by 39Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and PostpartumFamily Dynamics and RelationshipsInfant Development and Preterm Care

The Current Concept of Paternal Bonding: A Systematic Scoping Review

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Suzuki, Daichi, Ohashi, Yukiko, Shinohara, Eriko, Usui, Yuriko, Yamada, Fukiko, Yamaji, Noyuri, Sasayama, Kiriko, Suzuki, Hitomi +6 more·2022·Healthcare
DOI 10.3390/healthcare10112265PMC PMC9690989
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Abstract

Bonding is crucial to perinatal mental health. Despite an extensive body of literature on maternal bonding, few studies have focused on paternal bonding. This scoping review aimed to clarify the current state of the concept of paternal–infant/fetus bonding. The eligibility criteria were drawn from the population concept and context elements to answer the following questions: “what is paternal bonding?” and “what are the constructs of the concept of paternal bonding?” The review comprised 39 studies. Paternal bonding was associated with both positive and negative paternal behavior and thought and may be determined based on fathers’ beliefs and rearing history. Most studies showed that father–child interaction is one of the factors promoting paternal bonding. However, fathers generally felt more distant from their babies post-delivery than mothers. Only a few studies originally defined paternal bonding; most relied on the definitions of maternal bonding. We found different descriptions lacking consensus. Few studies examined the differences between paternal and maternal bonding. No consensus exists on the concept, constructs, and assessment of paternal bonding. The causal relationship between paternal bonding and other variables is unexplored. Future studies should explore fathers’ perspectives and experiences, focusing on the unknown aspects of paternal bonding identified in this review.

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  • The majority of studies focused on mothers and less is known about how fathers emotionally connect to their unborn child.

    “Although the literature described above provides valuable insights in the associates of parental bonding in general, the majority of studies focused on mothers and less is known about how fathers emotionally connect to their unborn child (Suzuki et al., 2022).”

    From Mindfulness, Self-compassion, and Psychological Wellbeing as Correlates of Paternal Bonding in Pregnancy. (2025) · cites this paper as Suzuki et al., 2022

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Authors
Suzuki, D., Ohashi, Y., Shinohara, E., Usui, Y., Yamada, F., Yamaji, N., Sasayama, K., Suzuki, H., Nieva, R. F., da Silva Lopes, K., Miyazawa, J., Hase, M., Kabashima, M., & Ota, E.
Affiliations
  • Kanagawa Institute of Technology (JP)
  • Kitamura Institute of Mental Health Tokyo (Japan) (JP)
  • Yokohama City University (JP)
  • The University of Tokyo (JP)
  • St. Luke's International University (JP)
  • International University of Health and Welfare (JP)
  • University of Otago (NZ)
  • Graduate School of Public Health, St. Luke’s International University, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
  • Josai International University (JP)
  • Musashino University (JP)
Corresponding author
Suzuki, Daichi
ORCID
Venue
Healthcare
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2022-11-11
Volume
10
Issue
11
Pages
2265
ISSN
2227-9032 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/healthcare10112265
PMC
PMC9690989
OpenAlex
W4309004274
Cited by
39
References
9
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5
FWCI
1.54
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Healthcare (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
JSPS KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (JP21K10833)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
  • Social Sciences › Demography › Family Dynamics and Relationships
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Infant Development and Preterm Care
Keywords
paternal bonding, father-child interaction, perinatal mental health, paternal behavior, father-child relationship, concept definition

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