Ethnic Minorities’ Experiences of Cardiac Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review
Open accessAbstract
Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) can improve cardiovascular risk factors, decrease cardiac mortality, and promote healthy lifestyle behaviours. However, services remain underutilized by groups of ethnic minorities. The purpose of the study was to identify patients’ personal CR experiences to identify the differences CR makes towards minorities’ lifestyle. An initial electronic search was performed in 2021 for papers ranging from 2008–2020 across specific databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, APA PsycINFO, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), and Medline. Google Scholar was also used to supplement the search process and to identify studies performed within grey literature. A total of 1230 records were screened, of which 40 were assessed for eligibility. The final sample consisted of seven qualitative design studies that were identified for inclusion in this review. Based on patient personal experiences, this review identified that ethnic minorities continue to remain disadvantaged when accessing healthcare interventions, primarily as a result of cultural behaviours, linguistic barriers, socioeconomic status, religious and fatalistic beliefs, and low physician referral rates. More research is needed to elucidate this phenomenon and address these factors faced by ethnic minorities.
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The study did not collect ethnicity or socio-economic status data.
“Third, we did not collect ethnicity or socio-economic status data [69].”
From Adolescent Social Anxiety, School Satisfaction, Family Emotional Support, and School Absenteeism: Findings from Young-HUNT3 and Norwegian National Education Data (2024) · cites this paper as [69]
The sentence’s “we” describes the citing authors’ own data collection, which this source cannot verify. The review’s Data Extraction section says it recorded participants’ ethnicity, and its Discussion addresses socioeconomic factors; neither passage establishes what the citing study collected. (LLM, conf=0.77)
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Halidu, M. D., & Kotera, Y. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13092547 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“Third, we did not collect ethnicity or socio-economic status data [69].”
BackgroundSelf-citation
- Authors
- Carew Tofani, A., Taylor, E., Pritchard, I., Jackson, J., Xu, A., & Kotera, Y.
- Affiliations
- College of Health, Psychology and Social Care, University of Derby, Derby DE22 1GD, UK
- University of Derby (GB)
- Swansea University (GB)
- University of Nottingham (GB)
- Venue
- Healthcare
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2023-03-04
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 757
- ISSN
- 2227-9032 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10000677
- OpenAlex
- W4323312748
- Cited by
- 16
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 0.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Healthcare (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Cronfa (Swansea University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Cultural Competency in Health Care
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Medical Practices and Rehabilitation
- Keywords
- cardiac rehabilitation, ethnic minorities, patient experience, health care access disparities, cultural barriers, language barriers, socioeconomic status, religious beliefs, fatalism, physician referral, lifestyle habits, cardiovascular health
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