Cited by 39Workplace Health and Well-beingHealth and Lifestyle StudiesHealth, psychology, and well-being

Work-Recreation Balance, Health-Promoting Lifestyles and Suboptimal Health Status in Southern China: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Wu, Shengwei, Xuan, Zhengzheng, Li, Fei, Xiao, Wei, Fu, Xiuqiong, Jiang, Pingping, Chen, Jieyu, Xiang, Lei +6 more·2016·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Abstract

Suboptimal health status (SHS)—an intermediate state between health and illness—refers to functional somatic symptoms that are medically undiagnosed. Although SHS has become a great challenge for global public health, very little about its etiology and mechanisms are known. Work-recreation balance is a part of work−life balance, and is related to stress which greatly influences health status. We therefore carried out a cross-sectional investigation between 2012 and 2013 within a clustered sample of 24,475 individuals aged 15−60 years from a population in southern China. In so doing, we hoped to illuminate the associations between work-recreation balance conditions, healthy lifestyles, and SHS. Work-recreation balance conditions were categorically defined by frequency (“rarely, sometimes, or always”). Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP-II) was used to evaluate the level of healthy lifestyles, and the medical examination report and Sub-Health Measurement Scale V1.0 (SHMS V1.0) were both used to evaluate health status. The ratio of SHS (46.3%) is higher than health status (18.4%) or disease status (35.3%). Overall, 4.9% of respondents reported the lowest level of work-recreation balance, and they scored lower on both the HPLP-II and SHMS V1.0 compared with those who frequently maintained a work-recreation balance. Significant association was found between work-recreation balance behaviors and healthy lifestyles (p < 0.001) after demographic adjustment. In comparison with those reporting a frequent work-recreation balance, individuals whose work-recreation balance was categorically “rare” were 1.69 times as likely to develop SHS (odds ratio (OR): 1.69, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.49–1.92), and those with infrequent work-recreation balance (“sometimes”) were 1.71 times more likely to develop SHS (OR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.62–1.81). These findings suggest that work-recreation balance conditions are significantly associated with, and seem to be accurate behavioral indicia of a healthy lifestyle. Poor work-recreation balance is associated with increased risk for SHS; thus, a healthier lifestyle that maintains a work-recreation balance should be promoted in order to reduce the development of SHS or disease in southern China.

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  1. [33]Medicine CAOC The TCM Clinical Guidelines of Suboptimal Health Status China Press TCM Beijing, China 2006

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Authors
Wu, S., Xuan, Z., Li, F., Xiao, W., Fu, X., Jiang, P., Chen, J., Xiang, L., Liu, Y., Nie, X., Luo, R., Sun, X., Kwan, H., & Zhao, X.
Affiliations
  • Nanfang Hospital (CN)
  • Southern Medical University (CN)
  • School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
Corresponding author
Zhao, Xiaoshan
Venue
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2016-03-19
Volume
13
Issue
3
Pages
339
ISSN
1660-4601 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2299575305
Cited by
39
References
64
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4
FWCI
6.82
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Workplace Health and Well-being
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health and Lifestyle Studies
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health, psychology, and well-being
Keywords
sub-health, work-life balance, health-promoting lifestyle, functional somatic symptoms, occupational stress, South China, lifestyle promotion, Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II, population health policy
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, China, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Health Promotion, Health Status, Humans, Life Style, Male, Middle Aged, Recreation, Odds Ratio, Occupational Health, Workplace, Young Adult

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