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Cited by 38Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicalsToxic Organic Pollutants ImpactPesticide Exposure and Toxicity

Temporal Trends of Urinary Phthalate Concentrations in Two Populations: Effects of REACH Authorization after Five Years

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Tranfo, Giovanna, Caporossi, Lidia, Pigini, Daniela, Capanna, Silvia, Papaleo, Bruno, Paci, Enrico·2018·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
DOI 10.3390/ijerph15091950PMC PMC6163747
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Abstract

Phthalates are widely used in the industrial manufacture of many products. Some phthalates have shown reproductive toxicity in humans, acting as endocrine disruptors, so they were included in the authorization process defined in Reg. CE 1907/2006 (REACH). Two groups of population were recruited, before and after the inclusion of some phthalates in the authorization list in REACH: the first group of 157 volunteers was studied in 2011 and the second, 171 volunteers, in 2016. Each subject completed a questionnaire about personal lifestyle, working activities and use of chemical products. The main urinary metabolites of five phthalates were analyzed by HPLC/MS/MS: mono(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (MEHP) and mono(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP) for di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) exposure; monoethylphthalate (MEP) for diethylphtahate (DEP); monobenzylphthalate (MBzP) for butylbenzylphtahalate (BBP) and dibenzylphthalate (DBzP), mono-n-butylphthalate (MnBP) for butylbenzylphtahalate (BBP) and di-n-butylphthalate (DnBP). The results show a significant difference for all metabolites between the two periods, with the exception of MEP in women. The comparison of the two sets of results shows a decrease in urinary metabolites excretion from 2011 to 2016, statistically significant for the three phthalates included in Annex XIV of REACH. DEP, not currently included in the list for authorization, maintains a constant presence in the daily life of the population, particularly for women.

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  • A comparative analysis of biomonitoring data in Europe suggested a significant decline in phthalate metabolite concentrations, especially MEP, MBP, MBzP, and DEHP metabolites, from 2011 to 2016.

    “a comparative analysis of biomonitoring data in Europe suggested a significant decline in phthalate metabolite concentrations (especially MEP, MBP, MBzP, and DEHP metabolites) from 2011 to 2016 [42].”

    From A Review of Biomonitoring of Phthalate Exposures (2019) · cites this paper as [42]

    The Results report lower urinary concentrations in the 2016 group for MnBP, MBzP and DEHP metabolites, and for MEP in men. They explicitly say the decline in MEP among women was not statistically significant. The study compares two recruited groups in one geographical area, so it does not establish a significant decline across Europe as a whole. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Tranfo, G., Caporossi, L., Pigini, D., Capanna, S., Papaleo, B., & Paci, E.
Affiliations
Istituto Nazionale per l'Assicurazione Contro gli Infortuni sul Lavoro (IT)
Corresponding author
Caporossi, Lidia
ORCID
Venue
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2018-09-06
Volume
15
Issue
9
Pages
1950
ISSN
1660-4601 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/ijerph15091950
PMC
PMC6163747
OpenAlex
W2891752530
Cited by
38
References
1
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 2
FWCI
2.22
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Effects and risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity
Keywords
phthalates, urinary phthalate metabolites, REACH regulation, DEHP, DEP, BBP, endocrine disruptors, reproductive toxicity, temporal trends, exposure reduction, sex differences, women's exposure
MeSH terms
Adult, Dibutyl Phthalate, Diethylhexyl Phthalate, Environmental Exposure, Environmental Pollutants, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Phthalic Acids, Endocrine Disruptors, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Healthy Volunteers

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