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Cited by 572

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 132 of the 132 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Toxic Metal Implications on Agricultural Soils, Plants, Animals, Aquatic life and Human Health

Open access
Okereafor, Uchenna, Makhatha, Mamookho, Mekuto, Lukhanyo, Uche-Okereafor, Nkemdinma, Sebola, Tendani, Mavumengwana, Vuyo·2020·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
DOI 10.3390/ijerph17072204
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Abstract

The problem of environmental pollution is a global concern as it affects the entire ecosystem. There is a cyclic revolution of pollutants from industrial waste or anthropogenic sources into the environment, farmlands, plants, livestock and subsequently humans through the food chain. Most of the toxic metal cases in Africa and other developing nations are a result of industrialization coupled with poor effluent disposal and management. Due to widespread mining activities in South Africa, pollution is a common site with devastating consequences on the health of animals and humans likewise. In recent years, talks on toxic metal pollution had taken center stage in most scientific symposiums as a serious health concern. Very high levels of toxic metals have been reported in most parts of South African soils, plants, animals and water bodies due to pollution. Toxic metals such as Zinc (Zn), Lead (Pb), Aluminium (Al), Cadmium (Cd), Nickel (Ni), Iron (Fe), Manganese (Mn) and Arsenic (As) are major mining effluents from tailings which contaminate both the surface and underground water, soil and food, thus affecting biological function, endocrine systems and growth. Environmental toxicity in livestock is traceable to pesticides, agrochemicals and toxic metals. In this review, concerted efforts were made to condense the information contained in literature regarding toxic metal pollution and its implications in soil, water, plants, animals, marine life and human health.

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Metadata

Authors
Okereafor, U., Makhatha, M., Mekuto, L., Uche-Okereafor, N., Sebola, T., & Mavumengwana, V.
Venue
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2020-03-25
Volume
17
Issue
7
Pages
2204
ISSN
1660-4601 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/ijerph17072204
OpenAlex
W3013520671
Cited by
572
References
132
FWCI
12.55
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
gold
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Toxic Metal Implications on Agricultural Soils, Plants, Animals, Aquatic life and Human Health. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3390/ijerph17072204
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Okereafor, U., Makhatha, M., Mekuto, L., Uche-Okereafor, N., Sebola, T., & Mavumengwana, V. (2020). Toxic Metal Implications on Agricultural Soils, Plants, Animals, Aquatic life and Human Health. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072204

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