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Digital Undergraduate Education in Dentistry: A Systematic Review
Open accessAbstract
The aim of this systematic review was to investigate current penetration and educational quality enhancements from digitalization in the dental curriculum. Using a modified PICO strategy, the literature was searched using PubMed supplemented with a manual search to identify English-language articles published between 1994 and 2020 that reported the use of digital techniques in dental education. A total of 211 articles were identified by electronic search, of which 55 articles were selected for inclusion and supplemented with 27 additional publications retrieved by manual search, resulting in 82 studies that were included in the review. Publications were categorized into five areas of digital dental education: Web-based knowledge transfer and e-learning, digital surface mapping, dental simulator motor skills (including intraoral optical scanning), digital radiography, and surveys related to the penetration and acceptance of digital education. This review demonstrates that digitalization offers great potential to revolutionize dental education to help prepare future dentists for their daily practice. More interactive and intuitive e-learning possibilities will arise to stimulate an enjoyable and meaningful educational experience with 24/7 facilities. Augmented and virtual reality technology will likely play a dominant role in the future of dental education.
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“In addition, VR interaction enhances the enjoyment of learning, thereby promoting user engagement and proactivity (22, 23).”
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AI and the double competence gap in dental education: towards symbiotic intelligence
Krumsvik, R. J., Klock, K. S., & Bratteberg, M. (2026) · Frontiers in Dental Medicine · doi:10.3389/fdmed.2026.1965756
(2026) · International Dental Journal · doi:10.1016/j.identj.2026.111260
Metadata
- Authors
- Zitzmann, N. U., Matthisson, L., Ohla, H., & Joda, T.
- Affiliations
- University of Basel (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Zitzmann, Nicola U.
- Venue
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2020-05-07
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 3269
- ISSN
- 1660-4601 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7246576
- OpenAlex
- W3023243975
- Cited by
- 299
- References
- 97
- Citations by year
- 2026: 62 · 2025: 58 · 2024: 42 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 44 · 2020: 12
- FWCI
- 5.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Innovations in Medical Education
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Dental Education, Practice, Research
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Anatomy and Medical Technology
- Keywords
- dental curriculum, online learning, dental simulators, intraoral optical scanning, digital radiography, augmented reality, virtual reality, educational technology adoption, undergraduate dental education
- MeSH terms
- Virtual Reality, Dentistry, Education, Dental, Education, Distance
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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