Cited by 155Work-Family Balance ChallengesWorkplace Health and Well-beingTechnostress in Professional Settings

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Healthy and Happy Working from Home? Effects of Working from Home on Employee Health and Job Satisfaction

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Niebuhr, Fiona, Borle, Prem, Börner-Zobel, Franziska, Voelter-Mahlknecht, Susanne·2022·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

DOI 10.3390/ijerph19031122PMC PMC8834350

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Abstract

In addition to its catastrophic health effects, the COVID-19 pandemic also acts as a catalyst for new forms of work. Working from home (WFH) has become commonplace for many people worldwide. But under what circumstances is WFH beneficial and when does it increase harms to health? The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of specific characteristics of WFH for health (work ability, stress-related physical and psychological symptoms) and job satisfaction among German employees. The study is based on data from a Germany-wide panel survey with employees from different industries (n = 519). Using multiple regressions, it was found that the functionality of the technical equipment at home has positive effects on the health of employees (i.e., ability to work, stress-related symptoms) and job satisfaction. The percentual weekly amount of WFH influences stress-related symptoms, i.e., a higher amount of weekly working time WFH, was associated with more stress-related symptoms. Furthermore, it negatively influences job satisfaction. The feeling of increased autonomy leads to positive effects on employees’ job satisfaction. The results provide starting points for interventions and indicate the need for legal regulations for WFH. Further theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

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“From another vantage, Niebuhr et al. (2022) reveal that the functionality of technical equipment in employees ’ home o ﬃ ces positively impacts their health, including work ability, stress-related symptoms, and job satisfaction, which emphasizes the potential of legal regulations for WFH mentioned…”
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“One of the most common and reliable measures of overall wellness at work is satisfaction with the job, which measures how effectively employees' expectations are met by their work environment (Niebuhr et al., 2022).”
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“Instead, we argue that the relationship between WFH and life satisfaction is likely to be influenced by varying intensities of WFH (Bundesministerium f € ur Arbeit und Soziales [BMAS] 2020; Niebuhr et al. 2022).”
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“…Pamidimukkala & Kermanshachi, 2021; Ogunnusi et al., 2020; infrastructure sector – Jallow et al., 2020; the other – Meyer et al., 2021; Yu et al., 2021; Lancet, 2020; Buselli et al., 2020; Spoorthy et al., 2020; Saragih et al., 2021; Muller et al., 2020; Niebuhr et al., 2022; ParentLamarche, 2022).”
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“The results of numerous studies suggest that flexible working hours with more autonomy for the workers culminate in higher satisfaction and performance (Niebuhr et al. 2022).”
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“…greater individualization, loss of cohesion between teams, and even the control of teams challenge (e.g., Atkinson, 2022; Magalhães et al., 2020; Niebuhr et al., 2022; Wharton, 2012), we can say that The Company gets closer to this model when bringing ﬂ exibility to work management,…”
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“Employing a single-item measure to represent employee attitudes is a common practice in social sciences, offering validity similar to that of multiple-item measures in capturing complex constructs, as evidenced by studies like Melián-González et al. [71] and Niebuhr et al. [72].”
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Responding to followers' warning signals
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Authors: Niebuhr, F., Borle, P., Börner-Zobel, F., & Voelter-Mahlknecht, S.
Affiliations: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (DE)
Institute of Occupational Medicine, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
Corresponding author: Niebuhr, Fiona
ORCID: Niebuhr, Fiona
Borle, Prem
Venue: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Publisher: MDPI AG
Published: 2022-01-20
Volume: 19
Issue: 3
Pages: 1122
ISSN: 1660-4601 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031122
PMC: PMC8834350
OpenAlex: W4206726490
Cited by: 155
References: 38
Citations by year: 2026: 18 · 2025: 47 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 16
FWCI: 49.26
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Work-Family Balance Challenges
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Workplace Health and Well-being
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Technostress in Professional Settings
Keywords: working from home, employee health, job satisfaction, work ability, stress-related symptoms, psychological symptoms, somatic symptoms, home office equipment, autonomy, COVID-19 pandemic, remote work, legal regulation of remote work
MeSH terms: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Humans, Job Satisfaction, Occupational Health, Pandemics

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Healthy and Happy Working from Home? Effects of Working from Home on Employee Health and Job Satisfaction

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