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Invasive and Noninvasive Nonfunctioning Gonadotroph Pituitary Tumors Differ in DNA Methylation Level of LINE-1 Repetitive Elements

Rusetska, Natalia, Kober, Paulina, Król, Sylwia Katarzyna, Boresowicz, Joanna, Maksymowicz, Maria, Kunicki, Jacek, Bonicki, Wiesław, Bujko, Mateusz·2021·Journal of Clinical Medicine
DOI 10.3390/jcm10040560PMC PMC7913198
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Abstract

Purpose: Epigenetic dysregulation plays a role in pituitary tumor pathogenesis. Some differences in DNA methylation were observed between invasive and noninvasive nonfunctioning gonadotroph tumors. This study sought to determine the role of DNA methylation changes in repetitive LINE-1 elements in nonfunctioning gonadotroph pituitary tumors. Methods: We investigated LINE-1 methylation levels in 80 tumors and normal pituitary glands with bisulfite-pyrosequencing. Expression of two LINE-1 open reading frames (L1-ORF1 and L1-ORF2) was analyzed with qRT-PCR in tumor samples and mouse gonadotroph pituitary cells treated with DNA methyltransferase inhibitor. Immunohistochemical staining against L1-ORF1p was also performed in normal pituitary glands and tumors. Results: Hypomethylation of LINE-1 was observed in pituitary tumors. Tumors characterized by invasive growth revealed lower LINE-1 methylation level than noninvasive ones. LINE-1 methylation correlated with overall DNA methylation assessed with HM450K arrays and negatively correlated with L1-ORF1 and L1-ORF2 expression. Treatment of αT3-1 gonadotroph cells with 5-Azacytidine clearly increased the level of L1-ORF1 and L1-ORF2 mRNA; however, its effect on LβT2 cells was less pronounced. Immunoreactivity against L1-ORF1p was higher in tumors than normal tissue. No difference in L1-ORF1p expression was observed in invasive and noninvasive tumors. Conclusion: Hypomethylation of LINE-1 is related to invasive growth and influences transcriptional activity of transposable elements.

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Metadata

Authors
Rusetska, N., Kober, P., Król, S. K., Boresowicz, J., Maksymowicz, M., Kunicki, J., Bonicki, W., & Bujko, M.
Affiliations
  • Department of Molecular and Translational Oncology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
  • Department of Pathology and Laboratory Diagnostics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
  • Department of Neurosurgery, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Clinical Medicine
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2021-02-03
Volume
10
Issue
4
Pages
560
ISSN
2077-0383
DOI
10.3390/jcm10040560
PMC
PMC7913198
Cited by
8
References
0
Language
en
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)

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