Tools for the Assessment of the Malnutrition Status and Possible Interventions in Elderly with Cardiovascular Diseases
Open accessAbstract
Malnutrition represents a common and important feature in elderly people affected by cardiovascular diseases. Several studies have investigated its prevalence and prognostic role in most clinical settings, including cardiovascular disease. However, in daily practice it usually remains unrecognized and consequently untreated. The present review was ideated to answer the main questions about nutritional status assessment in patients with cardiovascular disease: why, when, where, how to evaluate it, and what to do to improve it. The three main cardiovascular diseases, namely aortic stenosis, ischaemic heart disease, and heart failure were considered. First, the main evidence supporting the prognostic role of malnutrition are summarized and analyzed. Second, the main tools for the assessment of malnutrition in the hospital and outpatient setting are reported for each condition. Finally, the possible strategies and interventions to address malnutrition are discussed.
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Malnutrition often remains unrecognized and untreated in clinical practice, particularly among older adults with cardiovascular disease.
“Malnutrition often remains unrecognized and untreated in clinical practice, particularly among older adults with CVD.33”
From Malnutrition and Cachexia in Inpatients With Acute Cardiac Conditions: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2026) · cites this paper as [33]
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- Authors
- Tonet, E., Campana, R., Caglioni, S., Gibiino, F., Fiorio, A., Chiaranda, G., Zagnoni, S., Casella, G., & Campo, G.
- Affiliations
- Arcispedale Sant'Anna (IT)
- Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale Piacenza (IT)
- Ospedale Maggiore Carlo Alberto Pizzardi (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Tonet, Elisabetta
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Medicine
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2021-04-04
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1508
- ISSN
- 2077-0383 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8038542
- OpenAlex
- W3150172980
- Cited by
- 26
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3
- FWCI
- 0.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Institutional Research Information System University of Ferrara (University of Ferrara) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Italian Health Ministry Ricerca Finalizzata (GR-2018-12367114)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Dialysis and Renal Disease Management
- Keywords
- malnutrition, nutritional assessment, older adults, cardiovascular disease, aortic stenosis, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, Malnutrition Screening Tool, dietary intervention
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