Medications as a Trigger of Sleep-Related Eating Disorder: A Disproportionality Analysis
Open accessAbstract
Sleep-related eating disorder (SRED) is a parasomnia with recurrent, involuntary, amnestic eating episodes during sleep. There is growing evidence of the association between SRED and medications. Therefore, we aimed to rank drugs showing the strongest association. VigiBase® (WHO pharmacovigilance database) was queried for all reports of “Sleep-related eating disorder”. Disproportionality analysis relied on the Reporting Odds Ratio, with its 95% Confidence Interval (CI), and the Information Component. Our VigiBase® query yielded 676 cases of drug-associated SRED. Reports mostly involved zolpidem (243, 35.9%), sodium oxybate (185, 27.4%), and quetiapine (97, 14.3%). Significant disproportionality was found for 35 medications, including zolpidem (387.6; 95%CI 331.2–453.7), sodium oxybate (204.2; 95%CI 172.4–241.8), suvorexant (67.3; 95%CI 38.0–119.2), quetiapine (53.3; 95%CI 43.0–66.1), and several psychostimulants and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). Patients treated with nonbenzodiazepines or SNRIs were significantly older (mean age: 49.0 vs. 37.5; p < 0.001) and their SRED were more likely to be serious (62.6% vs. 51.4%; p = 0.014) than patients treated with sodium oxybate or psychostimulants. Psychotropic drugs are involved in almost all reports. In patients with SRED, an iatrogenic trigger should be searched for.
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Zolpidem has a relatively high risk of inducing a NREM parasomnia episode, especially in predisposed subjects.
“While the Z-drug Zolpidem has a relatively high risk of inducing a NREM parasomnia episode [6,96,97], especially in predisposed subjects”
From Diagnosis and Management of NREM Sleep Parasomnias in Children and Adults (2023) · cites this paper as [96]
The Results (§3.3; page unavailable) rank zolpidem first for disproportionate reporting of sleep-related eating disorder, and the Discussion (§4; page unavailable) says zolpidem has been found to increase the risk of other NREM parasomnias. The paper does not establish an absolute risk of an episode or show that the risk is especially high in predisposed subjects. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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- Authors
- Merino, D., Gérard, A. O., Van Obberghen, E. K., Ben Othman, N., Ettore, E., Giordana, B., Viard, D., Rocher, F., Destere, A., Benoit, M., & Drici, M.-D.
- Affiliations
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nice (FR)
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Nice, 06000 Nice, France
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacovigilance Center of Nice, University Hospital of Nice, 06000 Nice, France
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Nice, 06000 Nice, France
- Corresponding author
- Drici, Milou-Daniel
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Medicine
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2022-07-04
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 3890
- ISSN
- 2077-0383 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9267629
- OpenAlex
- W4283792149
- Cited by
- 17
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4
- FWCI
- 2.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Toxicology › Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reactions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Keywords
- sleep-related eating disorder, parasomnias, drug-induced adverse events, zolpidem, sodium oxybate, quetiapine, suvorexant, psychostimulants, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, pharmacovigilance
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