The DOI matches its Crossref record; 45 of the 45 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 39 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
A Meta-Analysis of the Clinical Use of Curcumin for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
Open accessAbstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) remains a prevalent and difficult-to-manage gastrointestinal condition. There is growing interest in the use of traditional medicine to manage IBS. In particular, curcumin, a biologically active phytochemical, has demonstrated anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties and mucosal protective effects in rat models of colitis. This meta-analysis thus aimed to investigate the hypothesis that curcumin improves IBS symptoms. Using the keywords (curcumin OR turmeric OR Indian saffron OR diferuloylmethane OR curcuminoid) AND (irritable bowel syndrome OR IBS), a preliminary search on the PubMed, Medline, Embase, PsychINFO, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases yielded 1080 papers published in English between 1 January 1988 and 1 May 2018. Five randomized, controlled trials were systematically reviewed and 3 were included in the final meta-analysis. Random-effects meta-analysis based on three studies and 326 patients found curcumin to have a beneficial albeit not statistically significant effect on IBS symptoms (pooled standardized mean difference from baseline IBS severity rating −0.466, 95% CI: −1.113 to 0.182, p = 0.158). This is the first meta-analysis to examine the use of curcumin in IBS. With its unique anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and ability to modulate gut microbiota, curcumin is a potentially useful addition to our armamentarium of agents for IBS. It also appears safe and well-tolerated, with no adverse events reported in the available trials. However, current findings are based on a considerably limited evidence base with marked heterogeneity. More robust clinical trials involving a standardized curcumin preparation and larger sample sizes should be encouraged.
Overview
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TL;DR
This first meta-analysis of curcumin for IBS pooled three randomized controlled trials and found a beneficial but non-significant effect on IBS symptoms compared with placebo. Curcumin appeared safe and well tolerated, but the evidence base was limited and heterogeneous.
Key findings
- In the random-effects meta-analysis of 3 studies and 326 patients, curcumin produced a pooled standardized mean difference from baseline IBS severity rating of −0.466 (95% CI: −1.113 to 0.182, p = 0.158), a beneficial but not statistically significant effect.
- Heterogeneity was high (I² = 85.22%).
- Of the 5 clinical trials reviewed, 3 reported positive and significant effects for curcumin-containing products, while 2 found no significant effects compared with placebo and advised against curcumin monotherapy.
- No adverse events were reported in any of the trials reviewed; the paper notes curcumin is generally safe, with occasional reports of slight giddiness, nausea, and diarrhoea, and possible interactions with anticoagulants at higher doses.
Methods
- Systematic search of PubMed, Medline, Embase, PsychINFO, Web of Science, and Google Scholar using curcumin/turmeric terms AND IBS terms yielded 1080 papers published in English between 1 January 1988 and 1 May 2018; grey literature was searched via Google.
- Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trial, curcumin as active intervention, participants with IBS, and available efficacy outcome measures; non-placebo-controlled trials were excluded. Five studies were systematically reviewed and 3 were included in the final meta-analysis.
- The primary outcome was the standardized mean difference for mean reduction in IBS symptoms from baseline with curcumin, using per-protocol analysis; estimates were pooled with a random-effects model, and heterogeneity was assessed with I² and Cochran’s Q.
Limitations
- Stated: only three studies were available, so funnel plot and sensitivity analyses were not feasible; inter-study variability in curcumin formulation and IBS diagnosis likely contributed to heterogeneity; curcumin was mixed with at least one other therapeutic or potentially therapeutic material in two analyzed trials, making a curcumin-attributable SMD difficult to quantify; longer follow-up is needed because IBS is chronic and relapsing, and current studies ranged only from 8 to 18 weeks.
- Stated: more robust clinical trials involving a standardized curcumin preparation and larger sample sizes are warranted.
- Evident from the text: the small evidence base, marked heterogeneity, and co-interventions limit confidence in the pooled estimate and in attributing any benefit specifically to curcumin.
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0 Valid · 0 Not valid · 21 Not checked · 16 Own results and interpretations
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A random-effects model was applied due to the high degree of heterogeneity observed (I2 = 85.22%).”
- Also stated in: § 2. Methods · plain
“Heterogeneity amongst the different studies pooled was examined using the I2 statistic and Cochran’s Q test. I2 > 50% indicates substantial heterogeneity.”
§ A Meta-Analysis of the Clinical Use of Curcumin for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) > 3. Results
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § 2. Methods · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Five randomized, controlled trials were systematically reviewed and 3 were included in the final meta-analysis.”
- Also stated in: § 3. Results · plain
“Five studies were systematically reviewed and their key findings were summarised in Table 1.”
§ A Meta-Analysis of the Clinical Use of Curcumin for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § 3. Results · plain
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A total of three studies with a total of 326 individuals with IBS were included in the final meta-analysis.”
- Also stated in: § Abstract · plain
“Five randomized, controlled trials were systematically reviewed and 3 were included in the final meta-analysis.”
§ A Meta-Analysis of the Clinical Use of Curcumin for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) > 3. Results
plainn = 326- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § Abstract · plain
A result the paper states — it cites no source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This is the first meta-analysis to examine the use of curcumin in IBS.”
- Also stated in: § 1. Introduction · plain
“As no meta-analysis has been done up till now to investigate the efficacy of curcumin in patients with IBS, this meta-analysis is, thus, timely and necessary to summarise current evidence and generate hypotheses for further research.”
- Also stated in: § 4. Discussion · hedged
“To the best of our knowledge, no prior meta-analysis has been done to investigate the efficacy of curcumin on IBS symptoms.”
§ A Meta-Analysis of the Clinical Use of Curcumin for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § 1. Introduction · plain
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“It was encouraging that curcumin had demonstrated positive effects in the other two placebo-controlled trials [24,28], which recruited male and female patients with at least moderate symptom severity (IBS-SSS ranging from 250 to 300).”
§ A Meta-Analysis of the Clinical Use of Curcumin for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) > 4. Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [24] Bundy, 2004, Turmeric extract may improve irritable bowel syndrome symptomology in otherwise healthy adults: A pilot study, J. Altern. Complement. Med. source
- Not checked yetcites [28] Portincasa, 2016, Curcumin and Fennel Essential Oil Improve Symptoms and Quality of Life in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome, J. Gastrointestin. Liver Dis. source
boostedstates a cause- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
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Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ A Meta-Analysis of the Clinical Use of Curcumin for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) > 3. Results
“another study [25] was excluded as the sample size was limited and there was a high drop-out rate (11 out of 32 participants)”
§ A Meta-Analysis of the Clinical Use of Curcumin for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) > 4. Discussion
“In the other study by Lauche et al. [27], which found non-significant effects compared to placebo, the sample size was limited and there was a high drop-out rate (11 out of 32 participants)”
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ A Meta-Analysis of the Clinical Use of Curcumin for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) > 3. Results
“One study [24] was excluded as it was only partially blinded and was not placebo-controlled”
§ A Meta-Analysis of the Clinical Use of Curcumin for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) > 4. Discussion
“the other two placebo-controlled trials [24,28]”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Ng, Q., Soh, A., Loke, W., Venkatanarayanan, N., Lim, D., & Yeo, W.-S.
- Affiliations
- National University Hospital (SG)
- MOH Holdings (SG)
- University of Nottingham (GB)
- Institute of Mental Health (SG)
- Corresponding author
- Ng, Qin
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Medicine
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2018-09-22
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 298
- ISSN
- 2077-0383 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6210149
- OpenAlex
- W2892282120
- Semantic Scholar
- 87495cf029e9e906ed1903c286e2c2231bc5ccbc
- Cited by
- 95
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 1.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Curcumin's Biomedical Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Saffron Plant Research Studies
- Keywords
- curcumin, irritable bowel syndrome, turmeric, phytochemicals, anti-inflammatory activity, antioxidant activity, gut microbiota, IBS symptom severity, traditional medicine, safety and tolerability
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