Looped elastic resistance during squats: How do band position and stiffness affect hip myoelectric activity?
Open accessAbstract
Looped elastic bands around the thigh are commonly used during squats and result in increased hip activation. Due to the closed kinetic chain nature of the squat exercise, one may expect that placing the elastic band on distal segments, close to the floor contact, may not result in the same increase in hip muscle activation as that achieved with a looped band around the thigh. We analyzed the effects of band position (thigh, lower leg, and forefoot) and band stiffness on the myoelectric activity of the tensor fascia latae, gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, biceps femoris, vastus medialis, and vastus lateralis during squats in 35 healthy subjects (18 men and 17 women). The greatest myoelectric activity of hip muscles was observed when the stiffest band was positioned around the forefeet with an increase in 24% for the tensor fascia latae, 83% for the gluteus medius, and 68% for the gluteus maximus compared to free (without resistance band) squatting. Contrary to previous thinking, the use of elastic bands around the forefeet during squats can elicit increased myoelectric activity of hip muscles, with a magnitude often greater than when the band is placed around the thigh segments.
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Back squats are associated with higher hip flexion moments, whereas front squats exhibit higher knee flexion moments, assuming the same absolute load.
“Back squats are associated with higher hip flexion moments, whereas front squats exhibit higher knee flexion moments, assuming the same absolute load.40”
From A Biomechanical Review of the Squat Exercise: Implications for Clinical Practice. (2024) · cites this paper as [40]
The Introduction and Discussion address elastic-band placement and hip muscle activity during squats, not a comparison of front and back squats. The Discussion says joint torques were not determined in this study. Searches for front-versus-back squat hip and knee moments at the same absolute load found no supporting passage in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredWhen the load is placed anteriorly (i.e., barbell front squat or goblet squat), the trunk is typically held in a more upright position.
“For example, when the load is placed anteriorly (i.e., barbell front squat or goblet squat), the trunk is typically held in a more upright position. Conversely, a traditional barbell back squat typically is performed with greater trunk flexion.4,40”
From A Biomechanical Review of the Squat Exercise: Implications for Clinical Practice. (2024) · cites this paper as [40]
The Introduction and Discussion address elastic-band position, stiffness, and hip-muscle activity during squats, not anterior versus posterior loading or trunk position. Searches for front and goblet squats, upright trunk posture, and front-versus-back squat comparisons found no passage addressing the attributed claim. (LLM, conf=0.75)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredA traditional barbell back squat typically is performed with greater trunk flexion.
“For example, when the load is placed anteriorly (i.e., barbell front squat or goblet squat), the trunk is typically held in a more upright position. Conversely, a traditional barbell back squat typically is performed with greater trunk flexion.4,40”
From A Biomechanical Review of the Squat Exercise: Implications for Clinical Practice. (2024) · cites this paper as [40]
The Discussion mentions a prior barbell-squat study only to compare muscle activation with the free squats tested here. Neither that passage nor the Procedures compares trunk flexion in back squats with front or goblet squats; searches for trunk flexion and load position found no such comparison in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.75)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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A Biomechanical Review of the Squat Exercise: Implications for Clinical Practice.
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- Authors
- Martins, E. C., Steffen, L. B., Gomes, D., Herzog, W., Haupenthal, A., & de Brito Fontana, H.
- Affiliations
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (BR)
- University of Calgary (CA)
- Department of Morphological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
- Corresponding author
- Herzog, Walter
- Venue
- Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2022-08-19
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 60
- ISSN
- 2411-5142 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9396979
- OpenAlex
- W4292567359
- Cited by
- 9
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 0.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- The National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) (PIBIC)
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e Inovação do Estado de Santa Catarina (FAPESC) (PIBIC)
- CAPES Higher Education Improvement Coordination (PIBIC)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Muscle activation and electromyography studies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Keywords
- resistance bands, squatting, hip muscle activation, band position, closed kinetic chain, tensor fasciae latae, gluteus medius, gluteus maximus, biceps femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, electromyography
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