Zinc oxide—from synthesis to application: a review
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Zinc oxide can be called a multifunctional material thanks to its unique physical and chemical properties. The first part of this paper presents the most important methods of preparation of ZnO divided into metallurgical and chemical methods. The mechanochemical process, controlled precipitation, sol-gel method, solvothermal and hydrothermal method, method using emulsion and microemulsion enviroment and other methods of obtaining zinc oxide were classified as chemical methods. In the next part of this review, the modification methods of ZnO were characterized. The modification with organic (carboxylic acid, silanes) and inroganic (metal oxides) compounds, and polymer matrices were mainly described. Finally, we present possible applications in various branches of industry: rubber, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, textile, electronic and electrotechnology, photocatalysis were introduced. This review provides useful information for specialist dealings with zinc oxide.
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Because of its hardness, rigidity and piezoelectric constant ZnO is an important material in the ceramics industry, while its low toxicity, biocompatibility and biodegradability make it a material of interest for biomedical application.
“Because of its hardness, rigidity and piezoelectric constant it is an important material in the ceramics industry, while its low toxicity, biocompatibility and biodegradability make it a material of interest for biomedical application [173].”
From Shape-memory polymers for multiple applications in the materials world (2016) · cites this paper as [173]
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- Authors
- Kołodziejczak-Radzimska, A., & Jesionowski, T.
- Affiliations
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Poznan University of Technology, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 2, PL-60965 Poznan, Poland
- Poznań University of Technology (PL)
- ORCID
- Jesionowski, Teofil
- Venue
- Materials
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2014-04-09
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 2833-2881
- ISSN
- 1996-1944 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5453364
- OpenAlex
- W2141918308
- Cited by
- 2,475
- References
- 207
- Citations by year
- 2026: 171 · 2025: 193 · 2024: 187 · 2023: 219 · 2022: 262 · 2021: 296 · 2020: 274 · 2019: 242 · 2018: 202 · 2017: 179 · 2016: 161 · 2015: 71 · 2014: 16
- FWCI
- 6.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Materials (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Politechnika Poznańska
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › ZnO doping and properties
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Chemical and Physical Properties of Materials
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications
- Keywords
- zinc oxide, chemical synthesis methods, mechanochemical synthesis, controlled precipitation, sol-gel synthesis, solvothermal synthesis, hydrothermal synthesis, microemulsions, surface modification, silane, carboxylic acids, metal oxide coatings, polymer matrix, rubber, pharmaceutical applications, cosmetics, textile applications, electronic applications, photocatalysis
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