The DOI matches its Crossref record; 63 of the 65 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Enhanced Expression of p53 and Suppression of PI3K/Akt/mTOR by Three Red Sea Algal Extracts: Insights on Their Composition by LC-MS-Based Metabolic Profiling and Molecular Networking
Open accessAbstract
Brown algae comprise up to 2000 species with wide dissemination in temperate zones. A comprehensive untargeted metabolic profiling guided by molecular networking of three uninvestigated Red-Sea-derived brown algae, namely Sirophysalis trinodis, Polycladia myrica, and Turbinaria triquetra, led to the identification of over 115 metabolites categorized as glycerolipids, fatty acids, sterol lipids, sphingolipids, and phospholipids. The three algae exhibited low-to-moderate antioxidant capacity using DPPH and ABTS assays. Preliminary in vitro antiproliferative studies showed that the algal extracts displayed high cytotoxic activity against a panel of cancer cell lines. The most potent activity was recorded against MCF-7 with IC50 values of 51.37 ± 1.19, 63.44 ± 1.13, and 59.70 ± 1.22 µg/mL for S. trinodis, P. myrica, and T. triquetra, respectively. The cytotoxicity of the algae was selective to MCF-7 without showing notable effects on the proliferation of normal human WISH cells. Morphological studies revealed that the algae caused cell shrinkage, increased cellular debris, triggered detachment, cell rounding, and cytoplasmic condensation in MCF-7 cancer cells. Mechanistic investigations using flow cytometry, qPCR, and Western blot showed that the algae induced apoptosis, initiated cell cycle arrest in the sub-G0/G1 phase, and inhibited the proliferation of cancer cells via increasing mRNA and protein expression of p53, while reducing the expression of PI3K, Akt, and mTOR.
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“The presence of the same fatty acids was also confirmed in the methanolic extracts of the red seaweed species Turbinaria triquetra and Polycladia myrica [30].”
From Improvement of Alginate Extraction from Brown Seaweed (Laminaria digitata L.) and Valorization of Its Remaining Ethanolic Fraction (2024) · cites this paper as [30]
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“Similar to the previous study [30], sterol lipid (22), which had an [M − H]− ion at m/z 439.29, was also detected in the analyzed extract.”
From Improvement of Alginate Extraction from Brown Seaweed (Laminaria digitata L.) and Valorization of Its Remaining Ethanolic Fraction (2024) · cites this paper as [30]
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Porta, C., Paglino, C., & Mosca, A. (2014) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2014.00064 · Cited by 1,547
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Molinski, T. F., Dalisay, D. S., Lievens, S. C., & Saludes, J. P. (2008) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd2487 · Cited by 1,226
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Anantharaju, P. G., Prathima, C., Vimalambike, M. G., & Madhunapantula, S. V. (2016) · Nutrition Journal · doi:10.1186/s12937-016-0217-2 · Cited by 525
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 65 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Kharkwal, 2012, Algae as future drugs, Asian J. Pharm. Clin. Res, 5, 1
- Lu, W.-Y., Li, H.-J., and Wu, Y.-C. (2023). Marine Biochemistry, CRC Press.
- Salem, 2014, Terpenes and sterols composition of marine brown algae Padina pavonica (Dictyotales) and Hormophysa triquetra (Fucales), Int. J. Pharmacogn. Phytochem., 6, 894
Cited by
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Savić Gajić, I. M., Savić, I. M., Ivanovska, A. M., Vunduk, J. D., Mihalj, I. S., & Svirčev, Z. B. (2024) · Marine Drugs · doi:10.3390/md22060280 · Cited by 29
Noser, A. A., El-Barbary, A. A., Salem, M. M., Salam, H. A. A. E., & shahien, M. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-53517-y · Cited by 27
Self-citationBoškov, I. A., Savic, I. M., Grozdanić, N., Kundaković, T., Selgrad, J. S. R., & Savić, I. (2024) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym16050688 · Cited by 20
El-Demerdash, F. M., Mhanna, A. B. A., El-Sayed, R. A., Mohamed, T. M., & Salem, M. M. (2024) · Tissue and Cell · doi:10.1016/j.tice.2024.102332 · Cited by 18
Self-citationExtraction and Characterization of Antioxidants and Cellulose from Green Walnut Husks
Savic, I. M., & Savić, I. (2025) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods14030409 · Cited by 17
Metadata
- Authors
- Fahmy, N. M., El-Din, M. I. G., Salem, M. M., Rashedy, S. H., Lee, G. S., Jang, Y. S., Kim, K. H., Kim, C. S., El-Shazly, M., & Fayez, S.
- Affiliations
- Ain Shams University (EG)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Tanta University (EG)
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (EG)
- Sungkyunkwan University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Kim, Chung Sub
- ORCID
- Venue
- Marine Drugs
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2023-07-17
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 404
- ISSN
- 1660-3397 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10381385
- OpenAlex
- W4384636495
- Cited by
- 28
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 13
- FWCI
- 5.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Marine Drugs (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea (2022R1A6A1A03054419)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Seaweed-derived Bioactive Compounds
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Phytochemical Studies and Bioactivities
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Algal biology and biofuel production
- Keywords
- algal metabolites, untargeted metabolomics, molecular networking, glycerolipids, sphingolipids, phospholipids, antioxidant activity, antiproliferative activity, MCF-7 cells, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, p53 expression, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, cytotoxicity
- MeSH terms
- Chromatography, Liquid, Humans, Signal Transduction, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53, Apoptosis, Indian Ocean, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Proliferation, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases, MCF-7 Cells
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