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Magnesium: The Forgotten Electrolyte—A Review on Hypomagnesemia
Open accessAbstract
Magnesium is the fourth most abundant cation in the body and the second most abundant intracellular cation. It plays an important role in different organ systems at the cellular and enzymatic levels. Despite its importance, it still has not received the needed attention either in the medical literature or in clinical practice in comparison to other electrolytes like sodium, potassium, and calcium. Hypomagnesemia can lead to many clinical manifestations with some being life-threatening. The reported incidence is less likely than expected in the general population. We present a comprehensive review of different aspects of magnesium physiology and hypomagnesemia which can help clinicians in understanding, identifying, and treating this disorder.
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“Magnesium deficiency may contribute to hypokalemia by enhancing renal potassium loss via disinhibition of renal outer medullary potassium channel (ROMK) in the distal nephron [41].”
From Thyrotoxic Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis: Pathophysiological Mechanisms (2025) · cites this paper as [41]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Ahmed, F., & Mohammed, A.
- Affiliations
- OSF Saint Anthony Medical Center (US)
- Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ahmed, Faheemuddin
- ORCID
- Mohammed, Abdul
- Venue
- Medical Sciences
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2019-04-04
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 56
- ISSN
- 2076-3271 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6524065
- OpenAlex
- W2926579042
- Cited by
- 186
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 24
- FWCI
- 2.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Medical Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Magnesium in Health and Disease
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Magnesium Alloys: Properties and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Magnesium Oxide Properties and Applications
- Keywords
- magnesium, hypomagnesemia, magnesium physiology, electrolytes, intracellular cations, clinical features, incidence, treatment
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