Cited by 119Additive Manufacturing Materials and ProcessesSurface Treatment and Residual StressAdditive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies

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Post-Processing Techniques to Enhance the Quality of Metallic Parts Produced by Additive Manufacturing

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Mahmood, Muhammad Arif, Chioibasu, Diana, Ur Rehman, Asif, Mihai, Sabin, Popescu, Andrei C.·2022·Metals

DOI 10.3390/met12010077

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Abstract

Additive manufacturing (AM) processes can produce three-dimensional (3D) near-net-shape parts based on computer-aided design (CAD) models. Compared to traditional manufacturing processes, AM processes can generate parts with intricate geometries, operational flexibility and reduced manufacturing time, thus saving time and money. On the other hand, AM processes face complex issues, including poor surface finish, unwanted microstructure phases, defects, wear tracks, reduced corrosion resistance and reduced fatigue life. These problems prevent AM parts from real-time operational applications. Post-processing techniques, including laser shock peening, laser polishing, conventional machining methods and thermal processes, are usually applied to resolve these issues. These processes have proved their capability to enhance the surface characteristics and physical and mechanical properties. In this study, various post-processing techniques and their implementations have been compiled. The effect of post-processing techniques on additively manufactured parts has been discussed. It was found that laser shock peening (LSP) can cause severe strain rate generation, especially in thinner components. LSP can control the surface regularities and local grain refinement, thus elevating the hardness value. Laser polishing (LP) can reduce surface roughness up to 95% and increase hardness, collectively, compared to the as-built parts. Conventional machining processes enhance surface quality; however, their influence on hardness has not been proved yet. Thermal post-processing techniques are applied to eliminate porosity up to 99.99%, increase corrosion resistance, and finally, the mechanical properties’ elevation. For future perspectives, to prescribe a particular post-processing technique for specific defects, standardization is necessary. This study provides a detailed overview of the post-processing techniques applied to enhance the mechanical and physical properties of AM-ed parts. A particular method can be chosen based on one’s requirements.

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Authors: Mahmood, M. A., Chioibasu, D., Ur Rehman, A., Mihai, S., & Popescu, A. C.
Affiliations: National Institute for Laser Plasma and Radiation Physics (RO)
Organize Sanayi Bölgesi, ERMAKSAN, 16065 Bursa, Turkey
Corresponding author: Popescu, Andrei C.
ORCID: Mahmood, Muhammad Arif
Chioibasu, Diana
Ur Rehman, Asif
Popescu, Andrei C.
Venue: Metals
Publisher: MDPI AG
Published: 2022-01-04
Volume: 12
Issue: 1
Pages: 77
ISSN: 2075-4701 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3390/met12010077
OpenAlex: W4206802320
Cited by: 119
References: 143
Citations by year: 2026: 26 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 14
FWCI: 8.77
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: Metals (publishedVersion, cc-by)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders: European Union’s Horizon 2020 (H2020) research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie (764935)
Romanian Ministry of Education and Research, under Romanian National Nucleu Program LAPLAS VI (16N/2019)
POC-G (135/2016)
Unitatea Executiva Pentru Finantarea Invatamantului Superior a Cercetarii Dezvoltarii si Inovarii (PCE57/2021, PED514/2020)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Additive Manufacturing Materials and Processes
Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Surface Treatment and Residual Stress
Physical Sciences › Engineering › Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering › Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies
Keywords: additive manufacturing, post-processing, laser shock peening, laser polishing, conventional machining, thermal post-processing, surface roughness, hardness, grain refinement, porosity elimination, corrosion resistance, mechanical properties, metal parts, defects

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Post-Processing Techniques to Enhance the Quality of Metallic Parts Produced by Additive Manufacturing

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