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Cited by 16Escherichia coli research studiesUrinary Tract Infections ManagementBacterial Genetics and Biotechnology

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Iron Acquisition of Urinary Tract Infection Escherichia coli Involves Pathogenicity in Caenorhabditis elegans

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Hashimoto, Masayuki, Ma, Yi-Fen, Wang, Sin-Tian, Chen, Chang-Shi, Teng, Ching-Hao·2021·Microorganisms
DOI 10.3390/microorganisms9020310PMC PMC7913171

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Abstract

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is a major bacterial pathogen that causes urinary tract infections (UTIs). The mouse is an available UTI model for studying the pathogenicity; however, Caenorhabditis elegans represents as an alternative surrogate host with the capacity for high-throughput analysis. Then, we established a simple assay for a UPEC infection model with C. elegans for large-scale screening. A total of 133 clinically isolated E. coli strains, which included UTI-associated and fecal isolates, were applied to demonstrate the simple pathogenicity assay. From the screening, several virulence factors (VFs) involved with iron acquisition (chuA, fyuA, and irp2) were significantly associated with high pathogenicity. We then evaluated whether the VFs in UPEC were involved in the pathogenicity. Mutants of E. coli UTI89 with defective iron acquisition systems were applied to a solid killing assay with C. elegans. As a result, the survival rate of C. elegans fed with the mutants significantly increased compared to when fed with the parent strain. The results demonstrated, the simple assay with C. elegans was useful as a UPEC infectious model. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the involvement of iron acquisition in the pathogenicity of UPEC in a C. elegans model.

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Figure 1 The number of virulence factors in clinically isolated E. coli. The boxplot indicates the number of VFs in fecal and UTI-associated isolates. The numbers of VFs between fecal and UTI-associated isolates (average 8.1 and 13.2, respectively) show a significant difference by the Mann-Whitney U test (***, p < 0.001).
Figure 1 The number of virulence factors in clinically isolated E. coli. The boxplot indicates the number of VFs in fecal and UTI-associated isolates. The numbers of VFs between fecal and UTI-associated isolates (average 8.1 and 13.2, respectively) show a significant difference by the Mann-Whitney U test (***, p < 0.001).CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 2 Pathogenicity of E. coli clinical isolates in liquid killing assay with C. elegans. The pathogenicity (relative OD592nm value in the liquid assay) of the fecal and UTI-associated isolates were plotted. The value for MG1655 as a model strain for fecal isolate was 1.17, and that for UTI89 as a model strain for UTI associated isolate was 1.75. The horizontal bars represented the mean values. The results were analyzed statically by the Mann-Whitney U test. (***, p < 0.01). The pathogenicity of UTI-associated isolates was significantly higher than that of fecal isolates.
Figure 2 Pathogenicity of E. coli clinical isolates in liquid killing assay with C. elegans. The pathogenicity (relative OD592nm value in the liquid assay) of the fecal and UTI-associated isolates were plotted. The value for MG1655 as a model strain for fecal isolate was 1.17, and that for UTI89 as a model strain for UTI associated isolate was 1.75. The horizontal bars represented the mean values. The results were analyzed statically by the Mann-Whitney U test. (***, p < 0.01). The pathogenicity of UTI-associated isolates was significantly higher than that of fecal isolates.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 3 UPEC mutants defective in iron acquisition decreased the pathogenicity in C. elegans. The survivability of C. elegans (n > 100) feeding on the wild type and mutants of E. coli UTI89 defective in iron acquisition, which shows association with pathogenicity in the liquid pathogenicity assay. The results were analyzed statically by the Mantel-Cox log-rank test (*, p > 0.05; **, p > 0.01; ***, p > 0.001; ns, not significant).
Figure 3 UPEC mutants defective in iron acquisition decreased the pathogenicity in C. elegans. The survivability of C. elegans (n > 100) feeding on the wild type and mutants of E. coli UTI89 defective in iron acquisition, which shows association with pathogenicity in the liquid pathogenicity assay. The results were analyzed statically by the Mantel-Cox log-rank test (*, p > 0.05; **, p > 0.01; ***, p > 0.001; ns, not significant).CC BY · PubMed Central

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Metadata

Authors
Hashimoto, M., Ma, Y.-F., Wang, S.-T., Chen, C.-S., & Teng, C.-H.
Affiliations
National Cheng Kung University (TW)
Corresponding author
  • Hashimoto, Masayuki
  • Teng, Ching-Hao
ORCID
Venue
Microorganisms
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2021-02-02
Volume
9
Issue
2
Pages
310
ISSN
2076-2607 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/microorganisms9020310
PMC
PMC7913171
OpenAlex
W3128597431
Cited by
16
References
3
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3
FWCI
1.40
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Microorganisms (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST 106-2320-B-006-033, MOST 106-2320-B-006-032, MOST 108-2319-B-002-004)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Escherichia coli research studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Urology › Urinary Tract Infections Management
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
Keywords
uropathogenic Escherichia coli, urinary tract infection, iron acquisition, Caenorhabditis elegans, pathogenicity test, virulence factors, chuA, fyuA, IRP2, high-throughput screening

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Iron Acquisition of Urinary Tract Infection Escherichia coli Involves Pathogenicity in Caenorhabditis elegans. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3390/microorganisms9020310
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Hashimoto, M., Ma, Y.-F., Wang, S.-T., Chen, C.-S., & Teng, C.-H. (2021). Iron Acquisition of Urinary Tract Infection Escherichia coli Involves Pathogenicity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Microorganisms. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9020310