The DOI matches its Crossref record; 49 of the 49 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Biological and Pharmacological Activities of Squalene and Related Compounds: Potential Uses in Cosmetic Dermatology
Open accessAbstract
Squalene is a triterpene that is an intermediate in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. It was so named because of its occurrence in shark liver oil, which contains large quantities and is considered its richest source. However, it is widely distributed in nature, with reasonable amounts found in olive oil, palm oil, wheat-germ oil, amaranth oil, and rice bran oil. Squalene, the main component of skin surface polyunsaturated lipids, shows some advantages for the skin as an emollient and antioxidant, and for hydration and its antitumor activities. It is also used as a material in topically applied vehicles such as lipid emulsions and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). Substances related to squalene, including β-carotene, coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone) and vitamins A, E, and K, are also included in this review article to introduce their benefits to skin physiology. We summarize investigations performed in previous reports from both in vitro and in vivo models.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Müller, R. H., Radtke, M., & Wissing, S. A. (2002) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0169-409x(02)00118-7 · Cited by 2,113
Nanostructured lipid matrices for improved microencapsulation of drugs
Müller, R. H., Radtke, M., & Wissing, S. A. (2002) · International Journal of Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/s0378-5173(02)00180-1 · Cited by 1,226
Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) in cosmetic dermal products☆
MULLER, R., PETERSEN, R., HOMMOSS, A., & PARDEIKE, J. (2007) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2007.04.012 · Cited by 700
Varani, J., Warner, R. L., Gharaee-Kermani, M., Phan, S. H., Kang, S., Chung, J., Wang, Z., Datta, S. C., Fisher, G. J., & Voorhees, J. J. (2000) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1046/j.1523-1747.2000.00902.x · Cited by 643
Lipid nanoparticles for improved topical application of drugs for skin diseases☆
SCHAFERKORTING, M., MEHNERT, W., & KORTING, H. (2007) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2007.04.006 · Cited by 614
Jenning, V., Gysler, A., Schäfer-Korting, M., & Gohla, S. H. (2000) · European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/s0939-6411(99)00075-2 · Cited by 528
Fang, J.-Y., Fang, C.-L., Liu, C.-H., & Su, Y.-H. (2008) · European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics · doi:10.1016/j.ejpb.2008.05.008 · Cited by 518
Self-citationSqualene: potential chemopreventive agent
Smith, T. J. (2000) · Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs · doi:10.1517/13543784.9.8.1841 · Cited by 337
Stahl, W., Heinrich, U., Jungmann, H., Sies, H., & Tronnier, H. (2000) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/71.3.795 · Cited by 317
Kohno, Y., Egawa, Y., Itoh, S., Nagaoka, S.-I., Takahashi, M., & Mukai, K. (1995) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Lipids and Lipid Metabolism · doi:10.1016/0005-2760(95)00005-w · Cited by 276
Cited by
A step forward on sustainability in the cosmetics industry: A review
Bom, S., Jorge, J., Ribeiro, H. M., & Marto, J. (2019) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.03.255 · Cited by 369
Gemcitabine versus Modified Gemcitabine: A Review of Several Promising Chemical Modifications
Moysan, E., Bastiat, G., & Benoit, J.-P. (2013) · Molecular Pharmaceutics · doi:10.1021/mp300370t · Cited by 225
Górnaś, P., & Rudzińska, M. (2016) · Industrial Crops and Products · doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.01.021 · Cited by 191
Terpenoids and Their Biosynthesis in Cyanobacteria
Pattanaik, B., & Lindberg, P. (2015) · Life · doi:10.3390/life5010269 · Cited by 173
Gohil, N., Bhattacharjee, G., Khambhati, K., Braddick, D., & Singh, V. (2019) · Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology · doi:10.3389/fbioe.2019.00050 · Cited by 121
“…2018; Wei et al., 2018) and SQS (Dai et al., 2014; Zhuang and Chappell, 2015; Rasool et al., 2016a,b), downregulation of SQE (Garaiová et al., 2014; Hull et al., 2014; Zhuang and Chappell, 2015; Rasool et al., 2016a,b; Han et al., 2018) in yeast; downregulation of SQE in algae (Kajikawa et al.,…”
Influential
Metadata
- Authors
- Huang, Z.-R., Lin, Y.-K., & Fang, J.-Y.
- Venue
- Molecules
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2009-01-23
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 540-554
- ISSN
- 1420-3049 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2112323509
- Cited by
- 490
- References
- 49
- FWCI
- 10.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Biological and Pharmacological Activities of Squalene and Related Compounds: Potential Uses in Cosmetic Dermatology. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3390/molecules14010540
- The paper
- Huang, Z.-R., Lin, Y.-K., & Fang, J.-Y. (2009). Biological and Pharmacological Activities of Squalene and Related Compounds: Potential Uses in Cosmetic Dermatology. Molecules. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules14010540
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
