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Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant and Crystallographic Studies of N-Palmitoyl-ethanol Amine (PEA) Derivatives
Open accessAbstract
N-Palmitoyl-ethanolamine (PEA) is an anti-inflammatory component of egg yolk that is usually employed for the prevention of respiratory apparatus virus infection and then frequently used for its efficient anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects in experimental models of visceral, neuropathic, and inflammatory diseases. Nevertheless, data of its use in animal or human therapy are still scarce and further studies are needed. Herein, we report the biological evaluation of a small library of N-palmitoyl-ethanolamine analogues or derivatives, characterized by a protected acid function (either as palmitoyl amides or hexadecyl esters), useful to decrease their hydrolysis rate in vitro and prolong their biological activity. Two of these compounds—namely phenyl-carbamic acid hexadecyl ester (4) and 2-methyl-pentadecanoic acid (4-nitro-phenyl)-amide (5)—have shown good anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, without affecting the viability of J774A.1 macrophages. Finally, crystals suitable for X-ray analysis of compound 4 have been obtained, and its solved crystal structure is here reported. Our outcomes may be helpful for a rational drug design based on new PEA analogues/derivatives with improved biological properties.
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Cites
Crystal structure refinement with SHELXL
Sheldrick, G. M. (2015) · Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry · doi:10.1107/s2053229614024218 · Cited by 43,982
The L-Arginine-Nitric Oxide Pathway
Epstein, F. H., Moncada, S., & Higgs, A. (1993) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199312303292706 · Cited by 6,678
Changes in spinal and supraspinal endocannabinoid levels in neuropathic rats
Petrosino, S., Palazzo, E., de Novellis, V., Bisogno, T., Rossi, F., Maione, S., & Di Marzo, V. (2007) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2006.08.011 · Cited by 227
The endogenous cannabinoid system and its role in nociceptive behavior
Cravatt, B. F., & Lichtman, A. H. (2004) · Journal of Neurobiology · doi:10.1002/neu.20080 · Cited by 203
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“Some works have demonstrated that, as for the analogous endocannabinoids AEA and 2-arachidonoylglycerol, PEA tissue concentrations are modified during pathological conditions [6].”
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Cited by
Dirir, A. M., Daou, M., Yousef, A. F., & Yousef, L. F. (2022) · Phytochemistry Reviews · doi:10.1007/s11101-021-09773-1 · Cited by 586
Gut reactions: Breaking down xenobiotic–microbiome interactions
Clarke, G., Sandhu, K. V., Griffin, B. T., Dinan, T. G., Cryan, J. F., & Hyland, N. P. (2019) · Pharmacological Reviews · doi:10.1124/pr.118.015768 · Cited by 319
Recent advances in allelopathy for weed control: from knowledge to applications
Macías, F. A., Mejías, F. J., & Molinillo, J. M. (2019) · Pest Management Science · doi:10.1002/ps.5355 · Cited by 293
Anticancer activity of complexes of the third row transition metals, rhenium, osmium, and iridium
Konkankit, C. C., Marker, S. C., Knopf, K. M., & Wilson, J. J. (2018) · Dalton Transactions · doi:10.1039/c8dt01858h · Cited by 284
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Metadata
- Authors
- Saturnino, C., Popolo, A., Ramunno, A., Adesso, S., Pecoraro, M., Plutino, M., Rizzato, S., Albinati, A., Marzocco, S., Sala, M., Iacopetta, D., & Sinicropi, M.
- Venue
- Molecules
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2017-04-11
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 616
- ISSN
- 1420-3049 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2607028235
- Cited by
- 449
- References
- 5
- FWCI
- 30.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant and Crystallographic Studies of N-Palmitoyl-ethanol Amine (PEA) Derivatives. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3390/molecules22040616
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- Saturnino, C., Popolo, A., Ramunno, A., Adesso, S., Pecoraro, M., Plutino, M., Rizzato, S., Albinati, A., Marzocco, S., Sala, M., Iacopetta, D., & Sinicropi, M. (2017). Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant and Crystallographic Studies of N-Palmitoyl-ethanol Amine (PEA) Derivatives. Molecules. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22040616
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
