Hybrid Transition Metal Dichalcogenide/Graphene Microspheres for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Open accessAbstract
A peculiar 3D graphene-based architecture, i.e., partial reduced-Graphene Oxide Aerogel Microspheres (prGOAM), having a dandelion-like morphology with divergent microchannels to implement innovative electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is investigated in this paper. prGOAM was used as a scaffold to incorporate exfoliated transition metals dichalcogenide (TMDC) nanosheets, and the final hybrid materials have been tested for HER and photo-enhanced HER. The aim was to create a hybrid material where electronic contacts among the two pristine materials are established in a 3D architecture, which might increase the final HER activity while maintaining accessible the TMDC catalytic sites. The adopted bottom-up approach, based on combining electrospraying with freeze-casting techniques, successfully provides a route to prepare TMDC/prGOAM hybrid systems where the dandelion-like morphology is retained. Interestingly, the microspherical morphology is also maintained in the tested electrode and after the electrocatalytic experiments, as demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy images. Comparing the HER activity of the TMDC/prGOAM hybrid systems with that of TMDC/partially reduced-Graphene Oxide (prGO) and TMDC/Vulcan was evidenced in the role of the divergent microchannels present in the 3D architecture. HER photoelectron catalytic (PEC) tests have been carried out and demonstrated an interesting increase in HER performance.
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The resulting MoS2/prGOAM materials with tailored morphology and chemistry are outstanding HER catalysts, superior to previous top-down MoS2 based catalysts and similar catalysts in the literature.
“The resulting materials with both tailored morphology and chemistry demonstrated to be outstanding catalyst for the HER, superior to previous top-down MoS2 based catalysts[29] and similar catalysts found in the literature.”
From The Effect of the 3D Nanoarchitecture and Ni‐Promotion on the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in MoS <sub>2</sub> /Reduced GO Aerogel Hybrid Microspheres Produced by a Simple One‐Pot Electrospraying Procedure (2022) · cites this paper as [29]
The Results and Discussion (§3.2; page unavailable) report improved HER performance for the structured MoSe2/prGOAM catalyst against the paper’s MoSe2/carbon benchmarks. They do not establish that MoS2/prGOAM outperforms previous top-down MoS2 catalysts or similar catalysts in the literature; the Conclusions (§4; page unavailable) instead identify MoSe2/prGOAM as the best-performing material in the study. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe better HER performance of microspheres might reflect a larger number of active sites when the microspheres are present.
“This might reflect a larger number of active sites when the microspheres are present [39].”
From Hybrid MXene/reduced graphene oxide aerogel microspheres for hydrogen evolution reaction (2021) · cites this paper as [39]
Section 3.2 reports better HER performance for the microsphere-based catalyst than for benchmarks without the 3D structure, and describes channels through which electrolyte can permeate. The paper also discusses keeping catalytic sites accessible, but it does not attribute the microspheres’ advantage specifically to a larger number of active sites. (LLM, conf=0.78)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe reduced graphene oxide aerogel microspheres (rGOAMs) with ordered microchannel structures have been recently proven as a stable template to host various electroactive catalysts by our group.
“The reduced graphene oxide aerogel microspheres (rGOAMs) with ordered microchannel structures has been recently proven as a stable template to host various electroactive catalysts by our group.[21–26]”
From 3D Printing of Graphene Aerogel Microspheres to Architect High‐Performance Electrodes for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (2025) · cites this paper as [26]
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- Authors
- Lunardon, M., Ran, J., Mosconi, D., Marega, C., Wang, Z., Xia, H., Agnoli, S., & Granozzi, G.
- Affiliations
- University of Padua (IT)
- Sichuan University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Granozzi, Gaetano
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nanomaterials
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2020-11-28
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 2376
- ISSN
- 2079-4991 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7759811
- OpenAlex
- W3110026715
- Cited by
- 17
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 0.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nanomaterials (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Padua Research Archive (University of Padova) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Advanced Photocatalysis Techniques
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts
- Keywords
- hydrogen evolution reaction, transition metal dichalcogenides, hybrid electrocatalyst, electrospraying, freeze casting, electrocatalyst stability
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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