Evaluation of Dietary Approaches for the Treatment of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review
Open accessAbstract
Lifestyle interventions, namely optimizing nutrition and increasing physical activity, remain the cornerstone of therapy for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as this can lead to the significant improvement or resolution of disease. The optimal nutritional approach to treat NAFLD remains unclear. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the effectiveness of different nutritional patterns on hepatic, metabolic, and weight-loss endpoints. MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched. Randomized trials of dietary interventions alone for adults with NAFLD were selected. Two authors independently reviewed articles, to select eligible studies, and performed data abstraction. Six studies, representing 317 patients, were included. The participants had a median age of 46, mean body mass index (BMI) 31.5 and were 64.3% male. The mean study duration was 16.33 ± 8.62 weeks. Reduction in hepatic steatosis (HS) was statistically significant in 3/5 Mediterranean Diet (MD), one low-carbohydrate, one intermittent fasting (IF) and 1/2 low fat (LF) diet interventions. A total of 3/5 studies using MD, 1/2 LF interventions, and the one IF intervention demonstrated significant reductions in weight. In conclusion, there appears to be most data in support of MD-based interventions, though further randomized trials are needed to assess comparative effectiveness for NAFLD.
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The Mediterranean diet was shown to improve biochemical and histological features of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
“In this context, MD was shown to improve biochemical and histological features of NAFLD [97, 98].”
From Mediterranean Diet and Obesity-related Disorders: What is the Evidence? (2022) · cites this paper as [98]
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- Authors
- Saeed, N., Nadeau, B., Shannon, C., & Tincopa, M.
- Affiliations
- Michigan Medicine (US)
- Taubman Health Sciences Library, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Corresponding author
- Tincopa, Monica
- Venue
- Nutrients
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2019-12-16
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 3064
- ISSN
- 2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6950283
- OpenAlex
- W2995854177
- Cited by
- 65
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 12
- FWCI
- 1.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (Clinical Translational Outcomes Research Award)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
- Keywords
- non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, dietary intervention, Mediterranean diet, low-carbohydrate diet, low-fat diet, intermittent fasting, hepatic steatosis, weight loss, lifestyle intervention
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Humans, Liver, Male, Middle Aged, Weight Loss, Body Mass Index, Treatment Outcome, Diet, Fat-Restricted, Diet, Mediterranean, Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
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