CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 211Health Education and ValidationPsychometric Methodologies and TestingNutritional Studies and Diet

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Content Validation through Expert Judgement of an Instrument on the Nutritional Knowledge, Beliefs, and Habits of Pregnant Women

Open access
Fernández-Gómez, Elisabet, Martín-Salvador, Adelina, Luque-Vara, Trinidad, Sánchez-Ojeda, María Angustias, Navarro-Prado, Silvia, Enrique-Mirón, Carmen·2020·Nutrients
DOI 10.3390/nu12041136PMC PMC7230573
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

The aim of this study was to conduct content validation through expert judgement of an instrument which explores the nutritional knowledge, beliefs, and habits during pregnancy. This is a psychometric study in which 14 experts participated in the evaluation of each of the questionnaire items, which were divided into two blocks according to the characteristics of sufficiency, clarity, coherence, and relevance. Fleiss’ κ statistic was used to measure strength of agreement. A pre-test with 102 participants was conducted to measure the degree of understandability of the instrument. The strength of agreement obtained for each of the dimensions was almost perfect. For each pair of experts, strength of agreement ranged between substantial and almost perfect. Sufficiency was the characteristic of the questionnaire that obtained the highest values in the two blocks, and was also the most statistically significant (p < 0.001). Coherence was the most statistically significant characteristic in the first block (p = 0.030). Clarity was the most statistically significant characteristic in the second block (p = 0.037). The wording of five of the twenty original items was corrected. The new version of the instrument attained a high degree of understandability. The results suggest that the instrument is valid and may therefore be applied.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.3390/nu12041136

Cites

3 of 3 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 62

  1. Cuervo, 2014, Dietary and health profiles of Spanish women in preconception, pregnancy and lactation, Nutrients, 6, 4434, 10.3390/nu6104434 · DOI
  2. Morrison, J.L., and Regnault, T.R.H. (2016). Nutrition in Pregnancy: Optimising Maternal Diet and Fetal Adaptations to Altered Nutrient Supply. Nutrients, 8. · DOI
  3. Lee, 2018, Pregnancy nutrition knowledge and experiences of pregnant women and antenatal care clinicians: A mixed methods approach, Women Birth., 31, 269, 10.1016/j.wombi.2017.10.010 · DOI
  4. Carvajal, 2011, ¿Cómo validar un instrumento de medida de la salud?, An. Sist. Sanit. Navar., 34, 63, 10.4321/S1137-66272011000100007 · DOI
  5. Galicia, 2017, Validez de contenido por juicio de expertos: Propuesta de una herramienta virtual, Apertura, 9, 42
  6. Aguilera, 2014, Instrumentos de evaluación: ¿qué piensan los estudiantes al terminar la escolaridad obligatoria?, Perspect. Educ., 53, 57
  7. Sireci, 1998, The Construct of Content Validity, Soc. Indic. Res., 45, 83, 10.1023/A:1006985528729 · DOI · Paper page
  8. 2008, Validez de contenido y juicio de expertos: Una aproximación a su utilización, Av. Med., 6, 27
  9. Cabero, 2013, La aplicación del juicio de experto como técnica de evaluación de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC), Eduweb, 7, 11
  10. Garrote, 2015, La validación por juicio de expertos: Dos investigaciones cualitativas en Lingüística aplicada, Rev. Nebrija Lingüísti. Apl. Enseñ. Leng., 18, 124
  11. 2018, Análisis de los elementos implícitos en la validación de contenido de un instrumento de investigación, Rev. Espac., 39, 23
  12. Most, J., Dervis, S., Haman, F., Adamo, K.B., and Redman, L.M. (2019). Energy Intake Requirements in Pregnancy. Nutrients, 11. · DOI
  13. 2015, Nutrition in early life and the programming of adult disease: A review, J. Hum. Nutr. Diet., 28, 1, 10.1111/jhn.12212 · DOI
  14. Hu, Z., Tylavsky, F.A., Kocak, M., Fowke, J.H., Han, J.C., Davis, R.L., LeWinn, K.Z., Bush, N.R., Sathyanarayana, S., and Karr, C.J. (2020). Effects of Maternal Dietary Patterns during Pregnancy on Early Childhood Growth Trajectories and Obesity Risk: The CANDLE Study. Nutrients, 12. · DOI
  15. Chakona, G., and Shackleton, C. (2019). Food Taboos and Cultural Beliefs Influence Food Choice and Dietary Preferences among Pregnant Women in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Nutrients, 11. · DOI
  16. Woolf, 2016, The Good Life: Working Together to Promote Opportunity and Improve Population Health and Well-being, JAMA, 315, 1706, 10.1001/jama.2016.4263 · DOI
  17. Guertin, 2020, The validation of the Healthy and Unhealthy Eating Behavior Scale (HUEBS): Examining the interplay between stages of change and motivation and their association with healthy and unhealthy eating behaviors and physical health, Appetite, 144, 104487, 10.1016/j.appet.2019.104487 · DOI
  18. Verbeke, 2007, Dietary behaviour of pregnant versus non-pregnant women, Appetite, 48, 78, 10.1016/j.appet.2006.07.078 · DOI
  19. Contreras, 2007, Alimentación y religión, Humanit. Humanid. Med., 16, 1
  20. 2016, La problemática de la alimentación religiosa y de convicción en los centros educativos, Rev. Derecho Polit., 97, 141
  21. Rother, 2016, Pregnant in a foreign city: A qualitative analysis of diet and nutrition for cross-border migrant women in Cape Town, South Africa, Appetite, 103, 403, 10.1016/j.appet.2016.05.004 · DOI
  22. Chelimo, 2016, Knowledge and beliefs about nutrition and physical activity during pregnancy in women from South Auckland region, New Zealand, Aust. N. Z. J. Obstet. Gynaecol., 56, 471, 10.1111/ajo.12456 · DOI
  23. 2017, Eating out in Spain: Motivations, sociability and consumer contexts, Appetite, 119, 14, 10.1016/j.appet.2017.03.047 · DOI
  24. Mendoza, 2019, The cultural transmission of food habits, identity, and social cohesion: A case study in the rural zone of Cali-Colombia, Appetite, 139, 75, 10.1016/j.appet.2019.04.011 · DOI
  25. Daniels, 2015, Convenience, food and family lives. A socio-typological study of household food expenditures in 21st-century Belgium, Appetite, 94, 54, 10.1016/j.appet.2015.04.074 · DOI
  26. Shub, A., Huning, E.Y.S., Campbell, K.J., and McCarthy, E.A. (2013). Pregnant women’s knowledge of weight, weight gain, complications of obesity and weight management strategies in pregnancy. BMC Res. Notes, 6. · DOI
  27. Conlin, 2006, Inadequate compliance with periconceptional folic acid supplementation in South Australia, Aust. N. Z. J. Obstet. Gynaecol., 46, 528, 10.1111/j.1479-828X.2006.00654.x · DOI
  28. Lee, 2016, What do Pregnant Women Know about the Healthy Eating Guidelines for Pregnancy? A Web-Based Questionnaire, Matern. Child Health J., 20, 2179, 10.1007/s10995-016-2071-4 · DOI
  29. Bukenya, R., Ahmed, A., Andrade, J.M., Grigsby-Toussaint, D.S., Muyonga, J., and Andrade, J.E. (2017). Validity and Reliability of General Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire for Adults in Uganda. Nutrients, 9. · DOI
  30. Falotico, 2015, Fleiss’ kappa statistic without paradoxes, Qual. Quant., 49, 463, 10.1007/s11135-014-0003-1 · DOI
  31. McHugh, 2012, Interrater reliability: The kappa statistic, Biochem. Med., 22, 276, 10.11613/BM.2012.031 · DOI · Paper page
  32. Landis, 1977, The measurement of observer agreement for categorical data, Biometrics, 33, 159, 10.2307/2529310 · DOI · Paper page
  33. Pedrosa, 2013, Evidencias Sobre La Validez De Contenido: Avances Teóricos Y Métodos Para Su Estimación/Content Validity Evidences: Theoretical Advances and Estimation Methods, Acción Psicol., 10, 3, 10.5944/ap.10.2.11820 · DOI
  34. Mainvil, 2011, Validation of brief instruments to measure adult fruit and vegetable consumption, Appetite, 56, 111, 10.1016/j.appet.2010.09.008 · DOI
  35. Pallas, J.M.A., and Villa, J.J. (2019). Métodos de Investigación Clínica Y Epidemiológica, Elsevier Health Sciences.
  36. Alarcon, 2008, Medición en salud: Algunas consideraciones metodológicas, Rev. Méd. Chile, 136, 125, 10.4067/S0034-98872008000100016 · DOI
  37. Urrutia, 2014, Métodos óptimos para determinar validez de contenido, Educ. Med. Super., 28, 547
  38. 2012, Descripción y usos del método Delphi en investigaciones del área de la salud, Investig. Educ. Med., 1, 90
  39. Rubio, 2003, Objectifying content validity: Conducting a content validity study in social work research, Soc. Work Res., 27, 94, 10.1093/swr/27.2.94 · DOI · Paper page
  40. 2016, Análisis del proceso formativo en jugadores expertos: Validación de instrumento, Rev. Int. Med. Cienc. Act. Fís. Deporte, 16, 157
  41. Oksa, 2003, Validating an instrument for clinical supervision using an expert panel, Int. J. Nurs. Stud., 40, 619, 10.1016/S0020-7489(03)00036-1 · DOI
  42. Salazar, 2013, Diseño y validación de un instrumento para la evaluación de patrones básicos de movimiento, Eur. J. Hum. Mov., 31, 87
  43. Garrido, 2011, Designing and validation of a questionnaire on parents for children in sport, J. Sport Health Res., 3, 59
  44. Blasco, 2010, Validación mediante el metodo Delphi de un cuestionario para conocer las experiencias e interés hacia las actividades acuáticas con especial atención al Winsurf, Ágora Educ. Fís. Deporte, 12, 75
  45. Da Silva, A.F., Coelho de Almeida, R.C., Assunção, R.B., and Zandonadi, R.P. (2019). Good Practices in Home Kitchens: Construction and Validation of an Instrument for Household Food-Borne Disease Assessment and Prevention. Int. J. Environ. Res. Salud Pública, 16. · DOI
  46. Wynd, 2003, Two Quantitative Approaches for Estimating Content Validity, West. J. Nurs. Res., 25, 508, 10.1177/0193945903252998 · DOI
  47. 2017, Validity and Reliability of the Spanish Version of the Technological Competency as Caring in Nursing Instrument, Investig. Educ. Enferm., 35, 154, 10.17533/udea.iee.v35n1a04 · DOI
  48. Torres, 2011, Validation and comparison of four instruments to detect partner violence in health-care setting, Med. Clin., 137, 390
  49. Kempen, 2019, Assessment tool for hospital admissions related to medications: Development and validation in older patients, Int. J. Clin. Pharm., 41, 198, 10.1007/s11096-018-0768-8 · DOI
  50. Marasini, 2016, Assessing the inter-rater agreement for ordinal data through weighted indexes, Stat. Methods Med. Res., 25, 2611, 10.1177/0962280214529560 · DOI
  51. Dongare, 2019, Development and validation of a questionnaire for a survey on perioperative fasting practices in India, Indio J. Anaesth., 63, 394, 10.4103/ija.IJA_118_19 · DOI
  52. Emmanuel, A., and Clow, S.E. (2017). A questionnaire for assessing breastfeeding intentions and practices in Nigeria: Validity, reliability and translation. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 17. · DOI
  53. Kimberlin, 2008, Validity and reliability of measurement instruments used in research, Am. J. Health Syst. Pharm., 65, 2276, 10.2146/ajhp070364 · DOI
  54. De Jersey, S.J., Nicholson, J.M., Callaway, L.K., and Daniels, L.A. (2013). An observational study of nutrition and physical activity behaviours, knowledge, and advice in pregnancy. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 13. · DOI
  55. Sabuncular, 2018, Evaluation of Nutrition Knowledge of Pregnant Women before and after Nutrition Education according to Sociodemographic Characteristics, Ecol. Food Nutr., 57, 441, 10.1080/03670244.2018.1544561 · DOI
  56. Sam, 2014, A comprehensive FFQ developed for use in New Zealand adults: Reliability and validity for nutrient intakes, Public Health Nutr., 17, 287, 10.1017/S1368980012005058 · DOI
  57. Wang, 2020, Socioeconomic correlates of adherence to mineral intake recommendations among pregnant women in north China: Findings from a cross-sectional study, Asia Pac. J. Clin. Nutr., 29, 127
  58. Tayyem, R.F., Allehdan, S.S., Alatrash, R.M., Asali, F.F., and Bawadi, H.A. (2019). Adequacy of Nutrients Intake among Jordanian Pregnant Women in Comparison to Dietary Reference Intakes. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 16. · DOI
  59. 2014, Diseño y validación de un cuestionario para evaluar el comportamiento alimentario en estudiantes mexicanos del área de la salud, Nutr. Hosp., 30, 153
  60. Gil, 2015, Indicators for the evaluation of diet quality, Nutr. Hosp., 31, 128
  61. Rouche, M., de Clercq, B., Lebacq, T., Dierckens, M., Moreau, N., Desbouys, L., Godin, I., and Castetbon, K. (2019). Socioeconomic Disparities in Diet Vary According to Migration Status among Adolescents in Belgium. Nutrients, 11. · DOI
  62. Ngongalah, L., Rankin, J., Rapley, T., Odeniyi, A., Akhter, Z., and Heslehurst, N. (2018). Dietary and Physical Activity Behaviours in African Migrant Women Living in High Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Framework Synthesis. Nutrients, 10. · DOI

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Metadata

Authors
Fernández-Gómez, E., Martín-Salvador, A., Luque-Vara, T., Sánchez-Ojeda, M. A., Navarro-Prado, S., & Enrique-Mirón, C.
Affiliations
  • Universidad de Granada (ES)
  • Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla Campus, University of Granada, Calle Santander s/n, 52001 Melilla, Spain
Corresponding author
Luque-Vara, Trinidad
ORCID
Venue
Nutrients
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2020-04-18
Volume
12
Issue
4
Pages
1136
ISSN
2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/nu12041136
PMC
PMC7230573
OpenAlex
W3016844552
Cited by
211
References
3
Citations by year
2026: 40 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 59 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 4
FWCI
20.09
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Institutional Repository of the University of Granada (University of Granada) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Research and Theory › Health Education and Validation
  • Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
Keywords
content validation, expert opinion, questionnaire development, nutrition knowledge, food beliefs, dietary habits, pregnancy, pregnant women, assessment validity
MeSH terms
Expert Testimony, Feeding Behavior, Female, Humans, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Pregnancy, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Pregnant People, Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review