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CCL‐11 or Eotaxin‐1: an immune marker for ageing and accelerated ageing in neuro‐psychiatric disorders
Abstract
Background: CCL-11 (eotaxin) is a chemokine with an important role in allergic conditions. Recent evidence indicates that CCL-11 plays a role in brain disorders as well. This paper reviews the associations between CCL-11 and aging, neurodegenerative, neuroinflammatory and neuropsychiatric disorders. Methods: Electronic databases were searched for original articles examining CCL-11 in neuropsychiatric disorders. Results: CCL-11 is rapidly transported from the blood to the brain through the blood-brain barrier. Age-related increases in CCL-11 are associated with cognitive impairments in executive functions and episodic and semantic memory, and therefore, this chemokine has been described as an “Endogenous Cognition Deteriorating Chemokine” (ECDC) or “Accelerated Brain-Aging Chemokine” (ABAC). In schizophrenia, increased CCL-11 is not only associated with impairments in cognitive functions, but also with key symptoms including formal thought disorders. Some patients with mood disorders and premenstrual syndrome show increased plasma CCL-11 levels. In diseases of old age, CCL-11 is associated with lowered neurogenesis and neurodegenerative processes, and as a consequence, increased CCL-11 increases risk towards Alzheimer’s disease. Polymorphisms in the CCL-11 gene are associated with stroke. Increased CCL-11 also plays a role in neuroinflammatory disease including multiple sclerosis. In animal models, neutralization of CCL-11 may protect against nigrostriatal neurodegeneration. Increased production of CCL-11 may be attenuated by glucocorticoids, minocycline, resveratrol and anti-CCL11 antibodies. Conclusions: Increased CCL-11 production during inflammatory conditions may play a role in human disease including age-related cognitive decline, schizophrenia, mood disorders and neurodegenerative disorders. Increased CCL-11 production is a new drug target in the treatment and prevention of those disorders.
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Eotaxin is correlated with many neurological conditions (neurodegenerative, neuroinflammatory, and neuropsychiatric disorders), earning names ECDC or ABAC.
“Because eotaxin is correlated with so many neurological conditions (neurodegenerative, neuroinflammatory, and neuropsychiatric disorders), it has earned the name “Endogenous Cognition Deteriorating Chemokine” (ECDC) or “Accelerated Brain‐Aging Chemokine” (ABAC). 67”
From Three Tiers to biological escape velocity: The quest to outwit aging (2022) · cites this paper as [67]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Ivanovska, M., Abdi, Z., Murdjeva, M., Macedo, D., Maes, A., & Maes, M.
- Affiliations
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Research Institute, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Medical Faculty, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, sBulgaria
- Neuropsychopharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research, and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza 60455-760, Brazil
- Kiezelweg 108, 3620 Lanaken, Belgium
- Department of Psychiatry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
- Venue
- Pharmaceuticals
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2020-09-02
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 230
- ISSN
- 1424-8247
- PMC
- PMC7558796
- Cited by
- 83
- References
- 9
- Language
- en
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