Lightweight Authentication Protocol for M2M Communications of Resource-Constrained Devices in Industrial Internet of Things
Open accessAbstract
The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) consists of sensors, networks, and services to connect and control production systems. Its benefits include supply chain monitoring and machine failure detection. However, it has many vulnerabilities, such as industrial espionage and sabotage. Furthermore, many IIoT devices are resource-constrained, which impedes the use of traditional security services for them. Authentication allows devices to be confident of each other’s identity, preventing some security attacks. Many authentication protocols have been proposed for IIoT; however, they have high computing requirements not viable to resource-constrained devices, or they have been found insecure. In this paper, an authentication protocol for resource-constrained IIoT devices is proposed. It is based on the lightweight operations xor, addition, and subtraction, and a hash function. Also, only four messages are exchanged between the principals to authenticate. It has a low execution-time and communication-cost. Its security was successfully assessed with the formal methods Automated Validation of Internet Security Protocols and Applications (AVISPA) tool and Burrows–Abadi–Needham (BAN) logic, together with an informal analysis of its resistance to known attacks. Its performance and security were compared with state-of-the-art protocols, resulting in a good performance for resource-constrained IIoT devices, and higher security similar to computational expensive schemes.
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Relying on outdated CPUs and inadequate technology may compromise security against cyber threats like ransomware, malware, data breaches, or server takeovers due to insufficient processing power.
“However, relying on outdated Central Processing Units (CPUs) and inadequate technology may compromise security against cyber threats like ransomware, malware, data breaches, or server takeovers due to insufficient processing power [14], [15].”
From A Critical Overview of Industrial Internet of Things Security and Privacy Issues Using a Layer-Based Hacking Scenario (2023) · cites this paper as [14]
The Introduction says legacy, resource-constrained IIoT devices can become a security weak link, and that limited processing power makes some security protocols difficult to implement. It does not identify outdated CPUs specifically or link insufficient processing power to ransomware, malware, data breaches, or server takeovers. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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- Authors
- Lara, E., Aguilar, L., Sanchez, M. A., & García, J. A.
- Affiliations
- Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (MX)
- Corresponding author
- Lara, Evangelina
- Venue
- Sensors
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2020-01-16
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 501
- ISSN
- 1424-8220 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7014529
- OpenAlex
- W2999414741
- Cited by
- 96
- References
- 67
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 8
- FWCI
- 7.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Sensors (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (536467)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Networks and Communications › Advanced Authentication Protocols Security
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Networks and Communications › IoT and Edge/Fog Computing
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › User Authentication and Security Systems
- Keywords
- lightweight authentication protocol, Industrial Internet of Things, machine-to-machine communication, resource-constrained devices, device authentication, hash-based authentication, AVISPA formal verification, BAN logic, attack resistance, communication overhead
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