Gait Segmentation Method Using a Plantar Pressure Measurement System with Custom-Made Capacitive Sensors
Open accessAbstract
Gait analysis has been widely studied by researchers due to the impact in clinical fields. It provides relevant information on the condition of a patient’s pathologies. In the last decades, different gait measurement methods have been developed in order to identify parameters that can contribute to gait cycles. Analyzing those parameters, it is possible to segment and identify different phases of gait cycles, making these studies easier and more accurate. This paper proposes a simple gait segmentation method based on plantar pressure measurement. Current methods used by researchers and clinicians are based on multiple sensing devices (e.g., multiple cameras, multiple inertial measurement units (IMUs)). Our proposal uses plantar pressure information from only two sensorized insoles that were designed and implemented with eight custom-made flexible capacitive sensors. An algorithm was implemented to calculate gait parameters and segment gait cycle phases and subphases. Functional tests were performed in six healthy volunteers in a 10 m walking test. The designed in-shoe insole presented an average power consumption of 44 mA under operation. The system segmented the gait phases and sub-phases in all subjects. The calculated percentile distribution between stance phase time and swing phase time was almost 60%/40%, which is aligned with literature reports on healthy subjects. Our results show that the system achieves a successful segmentation of gait phases and subphases, is capable of reporting COP velocity, double support time, cadence, stance phase time percentage, swing phase time percentage, and double support time percentage. The proposed system allows for the simplification of the assessment method in the recovery process for both patients and clinicians.
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- Authors
- Aqueveque, P., Germany, E., Osorio, R., & Pastene, F.
- Affiliations
- University of Concepción (CL)
- Corresponding author
- Aqueveque, Pablo
- Venue
- Sensors
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2020-01-24
- Volume
- 20
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 656
- ISSN
- 1424-8220 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7038314
- OpenAlex
- W3001172962
- Cited by
- 63
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 5
- FWCI
- 2.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Sensors (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Universidad de Concepción
- Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Gait Recognition and Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
- Keywords
- gait segmentation, plantar pressure, capacitive sensors, gait phases, stance and swing phases, center of pressure velocity, double support time, cadence, wearable sensors, low-power sensor design
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Body Weight, Equipment Design, Gait, Heel, Humans, Male, Monitoring, Physiologic, Shoes, Toes, Walking
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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