SCADA-Based Message Generator for Multi-Vendor Smart Grids: Distributed Integration and Verification of TASE.2
Open accessAbstract
Recent developments in massive machine-type communication (mMTC) scenarios have given rise to never-seen requirements, which triggered the Industry 4.0 revolution. The new scenarios bring even more pressure to comply with the reliability and communication security and enable flawless functionality of the critical infrastructure, e.g., smart grid infrastructure. We discuss typical network grid architecture, communication strategies, and methods for building scalable and high-speed data processing and storage platform. This paper focuses on the data transmissions using the sets of standards IEC 60870-6 (ICCP/TASE.2). The main goal is to introduce the TASE.2 traffic generator and the data collection back-end with the implemented load balancing functionality to understand the limits of current protocols used in the smart grids. To this end, the assessment framework enabling generating and collecting TASE.2 communication with long-term data storage providing high availability and load balancing capabilities was developed. The designed proof-of-concept supports complete cryptographic security and allows users to perform the complex testing and verification of the TASE.2 network nodes configuration. Implemented components were tested in a cloud-based Microsoft Azure environment in four geographically separated locations. The findings from the testing indicate the high performance and scalability of the proposed platform, allowing the proposed generator to be also used for high-speed load testing purposes. The load-balancing performance shows the CPU usage of the load-balancer below 15% while processing 5000 messages per second. This makes it possible to achieve up to a 7-fold improvement of performance resulting in processing up to 35,000 messages per second.
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ICCP (TASE.2) is a high-level protocol used for exchanging real-time operational data between utility control centers over WANs.
“The Inter-Control Center Communications Protocol (ICCP), standardized as TASE.2 under IEC 60870-6, is a high-level protocol used for exchanging real-time operational data between utility control centers over wide-area networks (WANs) [29,30].”
From Encryption for Industrial Control Systems: A Survey of Application-Level and Network-Level Approaches in Smart Grids (2026) · cites this paper as [30]
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“The Inter-Control Center Communications Protocol (ICCP), standardized as TASE.2 under IEC 60870-6, is a high-level protocol used for exchanging real-time operational data between utility control centers over wide-area networks (WANs) [29,30].”
On Grid Resiliency: Cyber-Physical Detection Tool Evaluated in a Multi-Stage Attack Scenario
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- Authors
- Ilgner, P., Cika, P., & Stusek, M.
- Affiliations
- Brno University of Technology (CZ)
- Department of Telecommunications, Brno University of Technology, 616 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Corresponding author
- Ilgner, Petr
- Venue
- Sensors
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2021-10-13
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 20
- Pages
- 6793
- ISSN
- 1424-8220 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8541402
- OpenAlex
- W3205466899
- Cited by
- 4
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 1
- FWCI
- 0.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Sensors (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Brno University of Technology Digital Library (Brno University of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Technology Agency of the Czech Republic (TN01000077)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Power Systems and Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Smart Grid and Power Systems
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Control and Systems Engineering › Smart Grid Security and Resilience
- Keywords
- impressed current cathodic protection, SCADA, traffic generator, smart grid communication, load balancing, load testing, cryptographic security, multi-vendor integration, cloud-based testing, Industry 4.0, critical infrastructure
- MeSH terms
- Communication, Computer Systems, Reproducibility of Results, Information Storage and Retrieval
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