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Cited by 23Body Composition Measurement TechniquesSports Performance and TrainingGenetics and Physical Performance

The Shape of Success: A Scoping Review of Somatotype in Modern Elite Athletes Across Various Sports

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Martínez-Mireles, Ximena, Nava-González, Edna Judith, López-Cabanillas Lomelí, Manuel, Puente-Hernández, Debbie Samantha, Gutiérrez-López, Miriam, Lagunes-Carrasco, José Omar, López-García, Ricardo, Ramírez, Erik·2025·Sports
DOI 10.3390/sports13020038PMC PMC11860359
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Abstract

This scoping review aimed to determine the somatotype of modern elite athletes across various sports. The literature search followed the PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews. Four databases were consulted, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Clarivate InCites, as well as platforms such as Google Scholar, Taylor & Francis Online, Books Ovid, CAB eBooks, MyiLibrary, and Core Collection. Eligibility criteria included articles published between 1995 and 2024 involving athletes at the elite level, such as junior, senior, Olympic, first-division professionals, world-class competitors, national competitors, black belts, master athletes, non-professional athletes with at least 10 years of experience, those ranked in the national or international top 10, and high-level collegiate athletes. A total of 66 studies were included. Modern male elite athletes predominantly exhibited an endomorphic mesomorphic somatotype, whereas female athletes were classified as central. The present study was the first to synthesize data from 66 articles, encompassing athletes of varying elite levels, both males and females, while providing detailed information on age, weight, height, BMI, somatotype and its classification, and complemented by somatoplot references. Future research is recommended to include a greater diversity of sports and a more significant number of elite female athletes to enhance the representativeness of elite athletes.

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  • Somatotype values allow determination of a somatotype profile-of which 13 variants are described-and its application in evaluating and optimizing athletic performance.

    “These values allow the determination of a somatotype profile-of which 13 variants are described-and its application in evaluating and optimizing athletic performance [13] (Figure 5).”

    From The Seven Methods for the Evaluation of Nutritional Status—ABCDEFG: Narrative Review (2026) · cites this paper as [13]

    The Introduction describes a three-number somatotype score derived from anthropometric measurements, and the Conclusions say somatotype profiles can inform training and performance enhancement. The Results list multiple classifications, but our copy does not state that there are 13 variants (searched for “13 somatotype categories” and “thirteen somatotype profiles”). (LLM, conf=0.86)

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Cited by

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Authors
Martínez-Mireles, X., Nava-González, E. J., López-Cabanillas Lomelí, M., Puente-Hernández, D. S., Gutiérrez-López, M., Lagunes-Carrasco, J. O., López-García, R., & Ramírez, E.
Affiliations
  • Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (MX)
  • Facultad de Salud Pública y Nutrición, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, UANL, Av. Universidad S/N Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza 66451, Nuevo León, Mexico
  • Facultad de Organización Deportiva, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, UANL, Av. Universidad S/N Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza 66451, Nuevo León, Mexico
ORCID
Venue
Sports
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2025-02-04
Volume
13
Issue
2
Pages
38
ISSN
2075-4663 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/sports13020038
PMC
PMC11860359
OpenAlex
W4407142612
Cited by
23
References
3
Citations by year
2026: 13 · 2025: 10
FWCI
3.01
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Sports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Physical Performance
Keywords
somatotype, elite athletes, body composition, endomorphic somatotype, mesomorphic somatotype, sex differences, body mass index, height and weight

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