Potential of an electric brake resistor to increase the efficiency of electric vehicles
Open accessAbstract
Electric brake resistors are well known in the domain of power electronics, railway or elevator technology to guarantee electric braking or to damp high electric power peaks. The generated heat energy, however, is usually dissipated. This work deals with the potential of an automotive application of the electric brake resistor to enable brake energy regeneration (recuperation) also at low temperatures and high state of charge when the charge performance of the traction battery is limited. By reusing the excess recuperation energy to support the vehicle’s cabin heating, the overall energy efficiency can be increased. In this paper three classes of battery electric vehicles are simulated with different driving environments and start pa-rameters to assess the influences on the efficiency potential of this application. It is shown that, depending on the start conditions and drive cycle, the total energy demand can be reduced by up to 12% with the use of a 6kW rated brake resistor.
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Lieb et al. set the battery's charging capability to zero and did not consider that the battery can still be charged at cold temperatures even though charging is limited.
“However, they set the battery's charging capability to zero and did not consider that the battery can still be charged at cold temperatures even though charging is limited.”
From Effect of Low Temperature on Electric Vehicle Range (2021) · cites this paper as [30]
Section 2.2.2 says the battery’s charging ability is strongly limited at low temperatures, not set to zero. Section 2.2.1 says the simulation models the battery-dependent availability of recuperation, and Section 3 states that recuperation is never fully restricted. The paper therefore considers limited charging rather than ignoring it. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredLieb et al. demonstrated a regained range potential at low temperatures of up to 8% by implementing an electrothermal recuperation system in simulation.
“Lieb et al. [30] could demonstrate a regained range potential at low temperatures of up to 8% by implementing such an electrothermal recuperation (ETR) system in their simulation.”
From Effect of Low Temperature on Electric Vehicle Range (2021) · cites this paper as [30]
The Introduction says the brake-resistor approach could mitigate the effect of low temperatures on driving range, and §3 reports simulated efficiency gains at low temperatures. But our copy does not report a regained driving range of up to 8%: the Abstract gives up to 12% lower total energy demand, while §3 describes up to 14% lower net energy demand under selected conditions. No page numbers are available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredDue to the high thermal capacity of the simulated brake resistor, range can even decrease at medium temperatures.
“Furthermore, due to the high thermal capacity of the simulated brake resistor, range can even decrease at medium temperatures.”
From Effect of Low Temperature on Electric Vehicle Range (2021) · cites this paper as [30]
Section 2.1.2 models the brake resistor’s heat capacity, and the Discussion says it offers no energetic advantage under many conditions. Neither passage says that its thermal capacity causes a decrease in driving range at medium temperatures; searches for a range or efficiency decrease did not locate that result in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.72)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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Research works printed but not linked: 4
- J. Lieb, A. Wilde, and B. Bäker, "Causes for torque degradation during deceleration and the effect on the driving range of battery electric vehicles," in Energy Efficient Vehicles Conference, 2012.
- R. Huber and T. Knoll, "Presse- Information der Projektpartner im Forschungsprojekt "Energieeffizientes Fahren 2014 -Reichweitenerhöhung von Elektrofahrzeugen" (EFA 2014/2)," Press release, 2012. [Online]. Available: https://www.press.bmwgroup.com. [Accessed: 09-Jan-2013].
- J. Lieb, F. Czuppa, S. Knoll, J. Schröder, and B. Bäker, "Simulating low temperature behavior of high voltage traction batteries -The challenge of real time efficiency estimation," in Conference on Future Automotive Technology Focus Electromobility, 2013.
- H. Großmann, PKW-Klimatisierung, 1st ed. Berlin: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Effect of Low Temperature on Electric Vehicle Range
Steinstraeter, M., Heinrich, T., & Lienkamp, M. (2021) · World Electric Vehicle Journal · doi:10.3390/wevj12030115 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Controlling cabin heating to improve range and battery lifetime of electric vehicles
Steinstraeter, M., Buberger, J., Minnerup, K., Trifonov, D., Horner, P., Weiss, B., & Lienkamp, M. (2022) · eTransportation · doi:10.1016/j.etran.2022.100181 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
- Authors
- Lieb, J., Sawazki, E., Brüll, M., & Bäker, B.
- Affiliations
- BMW (Germany) (DE)
- Continental, Regensburg
- Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Lieb, Johannes
- ORCID
- Bäker, Bernard
- Venue
- World Electric Vehicle Journal
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2013-03-29
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 165-174
- ISSN
- 2032-6653 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4247707065
- Cited by
- 2
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2022: 1 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- World Electric Vehicle Journal (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
- Technische Universität Dresden
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Electric Vehicles and Infrastructure
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering › Railway Systems and Energy Efficiency
- Keywords
- regenerative braking, energy recovery, cabin heating, battery electric vehicles, energy efficiency, low-temperature operation, driving cycles
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