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Cited by 1Indigenous Peoples' Rights and LawEntrepreneurship Studies and InfluencesMigration, Ethnicity, and Economy

The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Native Nations’ Social Enterprise: A Tribal Critical Race Theory Model

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Black, Stephanie, Verbos, Amy·2025·Indigenous Business and Public Administration
DOI 10.33972/ibapa.24
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Abstract

This study applies Tribal Critical Race Theory in the Native business domain to analyze six distinct Native Nations’ approaches to for-profit enterprises by and through Native stories and voices. Specifically, Native management and legal scholars conducted a qualitative study asking Native American business leaders 24 open-ended questions pertaining to their experience in Native Nations Social Enterprise in order to critically analyze legal, organizational, business, social and cultural practices in this unique setting. Based on our findings, we build a model for Native Nations’ Social Enterprise as embedded in and affected by dominant culture’s legal, organizational and business norms, and through Native cultural values toward social and environmental sustainability. Framed using the tenets of Tribal Critical Race Theory, the model challenges Nation building as filtered through a non-Native legal, organizational and business economic lens, as assimilative forces that constrain Nation building. It conveys the root concerns toward interconnectedness of the People, Native culture, the environment, past and future generations, but these are not evidenced by creative Native adaptations. By exposing contradictory structures, norms and values, our analysis may enable greater transformation to enhance honoring past generations and encourage adaptive alternative Native enterprises.

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    Davies, W. (2025) · Journal of Educational Leadership, Policy and Practice

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Metadata

Authors
Black, S., & Verbos, A.
Affiliations
  • Texas A&M University – San Antonio (US)
  • University of Wisconsin–Whitewater (US)
Corresponding author
Black, Stephanie
ORCID
Venue
Indigenous Business and Public Administration
Publisher
Gonzaga Library Publishing - DIGITAL COMMONS JOURNALS
Published
2025-03-28
Volume
1
Issue
1
ISSN
2766-015X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.33972/ibapa.24
OpenAlex
W4291667348
Cited by
1
References
1
Citations by year
2025: 1
FWCI
1.54
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
Indigenous Business and Public Administration (publishedVersion, cc-by)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Law › Indigenous Peoples' Rights and Law
  • Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Management of Technology and Innovation › Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Migration, Ethnicity, and Economy
Keywords
Native nations, social enterprises, Tribal Critical Race Theory, for-profit enterprises, nation-building, assimilation, socio-environmental sustainability

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Native Nations’ Social Enterprise: A Tribal Critical Race Theory Model. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.33972/ibapa.24
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Black, S., & Verbos, A. (2025). Native Nations’ Social Enterprise: A Tribal Critical Race Theory Model. Indigenous Business and Public Administration. https://doi.org/10.33972/ibapa.24