Toward a Tribal Critical Race Theory in Education
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Cites
Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence against Women of Color
Crenshaw, K. (1991) · Stanford Law Review · doi:10.2307/1229039 · Cited by 29,585 · see citing works
Handbook of Qualitative Research
Crozier, G., Denzin, N., & Lincoln, Y. (1994) · British Journal of Educational Studies · doi:10.2307/3121684 · Cited by 26,636 · see citing works
8 Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenous Peoples
Smith, L. T. (2024) · Multilingual Matters eBooks · doi:10.21832/9781800418868-012 · Cited by 9,765 · see citing works
Crenshaw, K. (2018) · Feminist Legal Theory · doi:10.4324/9780429500480-5 · Cited by 9,510 · see citing works
Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenous Peoples
Hall, T. D., & Smith, L. T. (2000) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2653993 · Cited by 7,341 · see citing works
Crenshaw, K. W. (2018) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780429499142-5 · Cited by 7,232 · see citing works
Handbook of qualitative research
(2000) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.38-0057 · Cited by 7,081 · see citing works
Questions of Cultural Identity
Jacobson, J., Hall, S., & du Gay, P. (1997) · British Journal of Sociology · doi:10.2307/591920 · Cited by 4,272 · see citing works
Critical Race Methodology: Counter-Storytelling as an Analytical Framework for Education Research
Solórzano, D. G., & Yosso, T. J. (2002) · Qualitative Inquiry · doi:10.1177/107780040200800103 · Cited by 4,257 · cited 1× · see citing works
“For a comprehensive overview of the introduction of CRT to education see, Parker, Deyhle, and Villenas (1999), Solorzano and Delgado Bernal (2001), Solorzano and Yosso (2002), and Yosso, Parker, Solorzano, and Lynn (2004).”
BackgroundSpivak, G. C., & (Germany), E. D. (2003) · Feminist Studies · doi:10.4324/9781003341567-11 · Cited by 4,168 · see citing works
Toward a Critical Race Theory of Education
Ladson-Billings, G., & Tate, W. F. (1995) · Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education · doi:10.1177/016146819509700104 · Cited by 3,881 · see citing works
Just what is critical race theory and what's it doing in a nice field like education?
Ladson-Billings, G. (1998) · International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education · doi:10.1080/095183998236863 · Cited by 3,186 · see citing works
Toward a Critical Race Theory of Education
Ladson-Billings, G. J., & Tate, W. F. (2016) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315709796-2 · Cited by 3,173 · see citing works
Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture
Thompson, J. W., Nelson, C., & Grossberg, L. (1989) · South Atlantic Review · doi:10.2307/3200554 · Cited by 2,747 · see citing works
Handbook of research on multicultural education
(2004) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.41-6667 · Cited by 2,617 · see citing works
Southern California Law Review
Sayre, P. L. (1927) · Indiana Magazine of History (Indiana University) · Cited by 2,542 · see citing works
Marxism and the Interpretation of Culture
(1400) · Macmillan Education UK-London eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-349-19059-1 · Cited by 2,102 · see citing works
Wisdom Sits in Places: Landscape and Language among the Western Apache.
Parmentier, R. J. (1997) · Journal of Linguistic Anthropology · doi:10.1525/jlin.1997.7.1.136 · Cited by 1,921 · see citing works
Questions of Cultural Identity
Hall, S., & du Gay, P. (2011) · SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781446221907 · Cited by 1,799 · see citing works
Critical Race Theory: The Cutting Edge.
Morales, A., & Delgado, R. (1996) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2077485 · Cited by 1,560 · see citing works
Bernal, D. D. (2002) · Qualitative Inquiry · doi:10.1177/107780040200800107 · Cited by 1,524 · see citing works
Examining Transformational Resistance Through a Critical Race and Latcrit Theory Framework
Solórzano, D. G., & Bernal, D. D. (2001) · Urban Education · doi:10.1177/0042085901363002 · Cited by 1,523 · see citing works
Solorzano, D. G. (1998) · International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education · doi:10.1080/095183998236926 · Cited by 1,132 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Solorzano (1998) writes, ‘‘Although race and racism are at the center of a critical race analysis, they are also viewed at their intersection with other forms of subordination such as gender and class discrimination’’ (p. 122).”
BackgroundVariability in Minority School Performance: A Problem in Search of an Explanation
Ogbu, J. U. (1987) · Anthropology & Education Quarterly · doi:10.1525/aeq.1987.18.4.04x0022v · Cited by 1,105 · see citing works
Critical race and LatCrit theory and method: Counter-storytelling
Solórzano, D. G., & Yosso, T. J. (2001) · International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education · doi:10.1080/09518390110063365 · Cited by 1,045 · see citing works
(1996) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.33-4229 · Cited by 1,018 · see citing works
Poggi, D. (2013) · Cited by 924 · see citing works
Indigenous Knowledge Systems and Alaska Native Ways of Knowing
Barnhardt, R., & Kawagley, A. O. (2005) · Anthropology & Education Quarterly · doi:10.1525/aeq.2005.36.1.008 · Cited by 909 · see citing works
Wisdom Sits in Places: Landscape and Language among the Western Apache
Johnson, S. B., & Basso, K. H. (1998) · Journal of American Folklore · doi:10.2307/541058 · Cited by 865 · see citing works
Handbook of research on multicultural education
(1995) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.32-5983 · Cited by 723 · see citing works
Critical Race Theory: The Cutting Edge
Steinberg, S. (2001) · Journal of American Ethnic History · doi:10.2307/27502784 · Cited by 723 · see citing works
Blacked Out: Dilemmas of Race, Identity, and Success at Capital High.
Harris, J. V., & Fordham, S. (1996) · The Journal of Negro Education · doi:10.2307/2967319 · Cited by 683 · see citing works
Philips, S. U. (1983) · Cited by 667 · see citing works
Fordham, S. (1996) · University of Chicago Press eBooks · doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226229980.001.0001 · Cited by 622 · see citing works
Wagner, R., & Ingold, T. (2016) · University of Chicago Press eBooks · doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226423319.001.0001 · Cited by 615 · see citing works
Bernal, D. D., & Villalpando, O. (2002) · Equity & Excellence in Education · doi:10.1080/713845282 · Cited by 611 · see citing works
Koenig, E. L. (1983) · International Journal of Intercultural Relations · doi:10.1016/0147-1767(83)90052-4 · Cited by 545 · see citing works
Tuan, Y., Feld, S., & Basso, K. H. (1997) · Western Folklore · doi:10.2307/1500389 · Cited by 526 · see citing works
From Racial Stereotyping and Deficit Discourse toward a Critical Race Theory in Teacher Education.
Solórzano, D. G., & Yosso, T. J. (2001) · Multicultural education · Cited by 448 · see citing works
The Nations within: The Past and Future of American Indian Sovereignty
Wilson, R., Deloria, V. J., & Lytle, C. M. (1987) · The American Indian Quarterly · doi:10.2307/1183695 · Cited by 406 · see citing works
A Yupiaq Worldview: A Pathway to Ecology and Spirit
Kawagley, A. O. (2020) · Duke University Press eBooks · doi:10.1515/9780822390831-023 · Cited by 406 · see citing works
Race Is...Race Isn't: Critical Race Theory And Qualitative Studies In Education
Parker, L., Deyhle, D., & Villenas, S. A. (2019) · Cited by 393 · see citing works
Fugitive Poses: Native American Indian Scenes of Absence and Presence
Stripes, J. D., & Vizenor, G. R. (1998) · The American Indian Quarterly · doi:10.2307/1184820 · Cited by 354 · see citing works
The Politics of Law: A Progressive Critique
BOHM, R. M., & Kairys, D. (1985) · The Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology (1973-) · doi:10.2307/1143371 · Cited by 313 · see citing works
Uneven ground: American Indian sovereignty and federal law
(2002) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.40-0509 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
American Indian politics and the American political system
(2011) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.48-6590 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Villenas, S. A., & Deyhle, D. (1999) · Curriculum Inquiry · doi:10.1111/0362-6784.00140 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
The politics of law : a progressive critique
Kairys, D. (1998) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 277 · see citing works
Villalpando, O. (2003) · International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education · doi:10.1080/0951839032000142922 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Navajo Youth and Anglo Racism: Cultural Integrity and Resistance
Deyhle, D. (1995) · Harvard Educational Review · doi:10.17763/haer.65.3.156624q12053470n · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Minority Education: Anthropological Perspectives
Jacob, E., & Jordan, C. (1993) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Yosso, T. J., Parker, L., Solórzano, D. G., & Lynn, M. (2004) · Review of Research in Education · doi:10.3102/0091732x028001001 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Tribal Secrets: Recovering American Indian Intellectual Traditions
WILLARD, W. R., & Warrior, R. A. (1995) · Wicazo Sa Review · doi:10.2307/1409101 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Chang, R. S. (1993) · California Law Review · doi:10.2307/3480919 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Tribal Secrets: Recovering American Indian Intellectual Traditions
Emmons, S. L. A., & Warrior, R. A. (1995) · World Literature Today · doi:10.2307/40151771 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Manifest Manners: Postindian Warriors of Survivance.
Roemer, K. M., & Vizenor, G. R. (1994) · American Literature · doi:10.2307/2927739 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Parker, L. (1998) · International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education · doi:10.1080/095183998236881 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Manifest manners: postindian warriors of survivance
(1994) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.31-5090 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
When Tribal Sovereignty Challenges Democracy: American Indian Education and the Democratic Ideal
Lomawaima, K. T., & McCarty, T. L. (2002) · American Educational Research Journal · doi:10.3102/00028312039002279 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Constructing Failure and Maintaining Cultural Identity: Navajo and Ute School Leavers.
Dehyle, D. (1992) · The Journal of American Indian Education · Cited by 154 · see citing works
American Indian thought: philosophical essays
(2004) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.41-6442 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
We Talk, You Listen: New Tribes, New Turf
Deloria, V. J. (1970) · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Lovat, T. (2013) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203802243-43 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Transformational Reistance and Social Justice
Brayboy, B. M. J. (2005) · Anthropology & Education Quarterly · doi:10.1525/aeq.2005.36.3.193 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Self-citationHiding in the Ivy: American Indian Students and Visibility in Elite Educational Settings
Brayboy, B. M. J. (2004) · Harvard Educational Review · doi:10.17763/haer.74.2.x141415v38360mg4 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Self-citationThe President of the United States
(1911) · Proceedings of the American Society of International Law at its annual meeting (1907) · doi:10.1017/s0272503700037393 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Tribal Secrets, Recovering American Indian Intellectual Traditions
Cook-Lynn, E., & Warrior, R. A. (1995) · Wicazo Sa Review · doi:10.2307/1409046 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Widening the Circle: Culturally Relevant Pedagogy for American Indian Children
Klug, B. J., & Whitfield, P. T. (2002) · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Race Consciousness: The Thematic Content of Racial Distinctiveness in Critical Race Scholarship
Barnes, R. D. (1990) · Harvard Law Review · doi:10.2307/1341320 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Montoya, M. E. (1994) · Chicana/o Latina/o Law Review · doi:10.5070/c7151021046 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Chang, R. S. (1993) · California Law Review · doi:10.15779/z385m8w · Cited by 93 · see citing works
WHEN: A Conversation about Culture
Borofsky, R., Barth, F., Shweder, R. A., et al. (2001) · American Anthropologist · doi:10.1525/aa.2001.103.2.432 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Foley, D. E. (1995) · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Manifest Manners: Postindian Warriors of Survivance
Laga, B. E., & Vizenor, G. R. (1996) · The American Indian Quarterly · doi:10.2307/1184947 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Culture, Chaos and Complexity: Catalysts for Change in Indigenous Education.
Barnhardt, R., & Kawagley, A. O. (1998) · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Tribal Secrets: Recovering American Indian Intellectual Traditions
Warrior, R. A. (1995) · University of Minnesota Press eBooks · doi:10.5749/9781452974736 · Cited by 67
Masks and Other Disguises: Exposing Legal Academia
Espinoza, L. (1990) · Harvard Law Review · doi:10.2307/1341322 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Uneven Ground: American Indian Sovereignty and Federal Law
Asher, B., Wilkins, D. E., & Lomawaima, K. T. (2003) · Western Historical Quarterly · doi:10.2307/25047214 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Colortalk: Whiteness and Off White
Thompson, A. (1999) · Educational Studies · doi:10.1207/s15326993es3002_3 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
“OTHER” ENCOUNTERS: DANCES WITH WHITENESS IN MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION
Richardson, T. A., & Villenas, S. A. (2000) · Educational Theory · doi:10.1111/j.1741-5446.2000.00255.x · Cited by 57 · see citing works
The Development of an Indigenous Knowledge Program in a New Zealand Maori‐Language Immersion School
Harrison, B. W. (2005) · Anthropology & Education Quarterly · doi:10.1525/aeq.2005.36.1.057 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Vampires Anonymous and Critical Race Practice
Williams, R. A. (1997) · Michigan Law Review · doi:10.2307/1290045 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Widening the Circle: Culturally Relevant Pedagogy for American Indian Children
Bruggeman, J. (2004) · Teachers College Record The Voice of Scholarship in Education · doi:10.1177/01614681200410605911 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Schooling the Symbolic Animal: Social and Cultural Dimensions of Education
Quiroz, P. A., Levinson, B. A., Borman, K. M., et al. (2002) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/3089712 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Merlin, L., Vizenor, G. R., & Lee, A. R. (2000) · World Literature Today · doi:10.2307/40156289 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
American Indian thought : philosophical essays
Waters, A. S. (2004) · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Uneven Ground: American Indian Sovereignty and Federal Law
Cobb, D. M. (2004) · Ethnohistory · doi:10.1215/00141801-51-3-658 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Navajo Mothers and Daughters: Schools, Jobs, and the Family
Deyhle, D., & Margonis, F. (1995) · Anthropology & Education Quarterly · doi:10.1525/aeq.1995.26.2.05x1252d · Cited by 32 · see citing works
American Indians and the Nevada Test Site: A Model of Research and Consultation
Stoffle, R. W., Zedeño, M. N., & Halmo, D. B. (2001) · UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona) · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Chang, R. (1998) · Chicana/o Latina/o Law Review · doi:10.5070/c7191021092 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Brayboy, B. M. J. (1999) · Scholarly Commons (University of Pennsylvania) · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationAmerican Indian and Alaska Native Education. Executive Order 13096.
Clinton, W. J. (1998) · Compact disc federal register/Federal law on disc. Federal register/Federal register · Cited by 9 · see citing works
A Brief History of American Indian Education
Klug, B. J., & Whitfield, P. T. (2012) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203616703-6 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 10
- Battiste M. (2002). Indigenous knowledge and pedagogy in first nations education: A literature review with recommendations Indian and Northern Affairs Canada, Ottawa
- Deloria, V. (1988). Chapter 4: Anthropologists and other friends. In Custer died for your sins: An Indian manifesto (pp. 78–100). Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press
- Erickson F., Mohatt G., (1982). Cultural organization of participation structures in two classrooms of Indian students In: Spindler G., (eds), Doing the ethnography of schooling Holt, Rinehart & Winston, New York, pp. 132–174
- Foley, D. (1996). The silent Indian as cultural production. In Levinson, B. A., Foley, D. E., & Holland, D. C. The cultural production of the educated person (pp. 79–92). Albany: SUNY Press
- Hernandez-Truyol, B. (1997). Indivisible identities: culture clashes, confused constructs and reality checks, symposium: LatCrit theory: Naming and launching a new discourse of critical legal scholarship. Harvard Latino Law Review, 2: 199–230
- Lomawaima K. T., (1994). They called it prairie light: The story of Chillocco Indian Boarding School University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln
- Medicine, B. (with Sue Ellen Jacobs). (2001). My elders tell me. In Learning to be an Anthropologist and Remaining “Native” (pp. 73–82). Chicago: University of Illinois Press
- Olivas M. A. (1990). The chronicles, my Grandfather’s stories, and Immigration law: The slave traders chronicle as racial history Saint Louis University Law Journal 34: 425–441
- Williams R., (1987). Jefferson, the Norman Yoke, and American Indian lands 29 Arizona Law Review 2: 165–194
- Williams R. (1989). Documents of barbarism: The contemporary legacy of European Racism and colonialism in the narrative traditions of federal Indian law Arizona Law Review 95: 237–278
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Dis/ability critical race studies (DisCrit): theorizing at the intersections of race and dis/ability
Annamma, S. A., Connor, D., & Ferri, B. (2013) · Race Ethnicity and Education · doi:10.1080/13613324.2012.730511 · Cited by 1,272 · see citing works
Critical Culturally Sustaining/Revitalizing Pedagogy and Indigenous Education Sovereignty
McCarty, T., & Lee, T. (2014) · Harvard Educational Review · doi:10.17763/haer.84.1.q83746nl5pj34216 · Cited by 614 · see citing works
Toward an Indigenous, decolonizing school leadership: A literature review
Khalifa, M. A., Khalil, D., Marsh, T. E. J., & Halloran, C. (2019) · Educational Administration Quarterly · doi:10.1177/0013161x18809348 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
McCarty, T. L., Lee, T. S., Noguera, J., Yepa, W., & Nicholas, S. E. (2022) · Comparative Education Review · doi:10.1086/720509 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Aboriginal worldviews and epidemiological survey methodology: Overcoming incongruence
Roy, A. (2014) · International Journal of Multiple Research Approaches · doi:10.5172/mra.2014.8.1.117 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Safe Zones, Dangerous Leadership: Decolonial Leadership in Settler-Colonial School Contexts
(Jason D. Cummins, A., & Chang, E. (2020) · Journal of School Leadership · doi:10.1177/1052684620951723 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Osmond-Johnson, P., & Turner, P. (2020) · Curriculum Inquiry · doi:10.1080/03626784.2020.1715205 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Horner, M., Muñoz, J., & Petrone, R. (2021) · Research on Diversity in Youth Literature · doi:10.21900/j.rydl.v4i1.1582 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Truth and Decolonization: Filling the Educator Achievement Gap Darn It!
Csontos, J. (2019) · American Review of Canadian Studies · doi:10.1080/02722011.2019.1590430 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Riter, D., & Holly Jr., J. (2024) · Journal of Pre-College Engineering Education Research (J-PEER) · doi:10.7771/2157-9288.1406 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Foster, S., & Welch, N. (2026) · Journal of Intercollegiate Sport · doi:10.17161/jis.v19i3.24806
“Knowledge is socially constructed and shaped by socially-embedded power structures, however, as seen within the TribalCrit tradition, shifting focus and centering voice/narrative is necessary to understanding how communities adapt and operate within their context (Brayboy, 2005).”
Untitled work
Davies, W. (2025) · Journal of Educational Leadership, Policy and Practice
- Authors
- Brayboy, B. M. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Utah (US)
- Corresponding author
- Brayboy, Bryan McKinley Jones
- Venue
- The Urban Review
- Published
- 2005-12
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 425-446
- ISSN
- 0042-0972 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-1960
- OpenAlex
- W2149786920
- Semantic Scholar
- 9f083512353c4657276accffa936fea0ff739b63
- Cited by
- 1,265
- References
- 93
- Citations by year
- 2026: 75 · 2025: 159 · 2024: 109 · 2023: 112 · 2022: 115 · 2021: 102 · 2020: 97 · 2019: 92 · 2018: 68 · 2017: 70 · 2016: 40 · 2015: 50 · 2014: 45 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 27
- FWCI
- 16.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- The Urban Review (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Critical Race Theory in Education
- Social Sciences › Education › Indigenous and Place-Based Education
- Social Sciences › Law › Indigenous Peoples' Rights and Law
- Keywords
- Tribal Critical Race Theory, critical race theory, indigenous peoples, Native Americans, tribal sovereignty, federal Indian law, liminality, tribal identity, indigenous education, tribalism
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review