Impact of economic changes on the diet of Chukotka natives
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This paper describes and analyses changes in food composition and nutritional preferences among the Chukchi and Yupik of coastal Chukotka in the last 15 years. The economic collapse of the infrastructure of Chukotka region has resulted in many indigenous northerners reverting to the traditional subsistence economy. Relatively expensive market foods are being replaced by cheaper ones, and by more readily available local foods. Percent contribution of proteins, lipids and carbohydrates to total caloric intake has not changed substantially, but sources of the major nutrients have become different. In 1985, local marine mammals accounted for about half of the consumed meat (55%), while in 2000 the share of it increased to 89 %. Market fats and oils are also being substituted by the fat of marine mammals. However, the contemporary diet of the natives of coastal Chukotka differs significantly from the traditional one. The meat of seals and gray whales (small sized and less dangerous to harvest) remains seasonally accessible, but can not be stored for long times. There is an insufficient amount of walrus and bowhead whale meat, which can be prepared in traditional style by fermentation, and stored for a long time. This probably also provides a specific protection against Helicobacter pylori. The young people today are more oriented towards local food-stuff: 76 % Coastal Chukchee and Yupik under the age of 30 indicated a preference for native foods over European ("Russian") ones, while this share is lower (66 %) among people older than 30 years. Overall, 86 % of natives consider that whale hunting, as the main source of food, should be increased (in 1985, only 45% suggested so).
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After the fall of the Soviet Union, the local economy collapsed in Chukotka and food insecurity became widespread.
“After the fall of the Soviet Union, the local economy collapsed in Chukotka and food insecurity became widespread (Kozlov, 2004;McNeill, 2001).”
From Institutional navigation of oceans governance: Lessons from Russia and the United States Indigenous multi-level whaling governance in the Arctic (2022) · cites this paper as Kozlov, 2004
The Introduction places substantial economic changes after the Soviet Union’s dissolution, and the Conclusion describes an economic collapse that pushed many indigenous northerners toward subsistence. The Changes in food consumption section documents a shift from market to local foods, but it does not establish that food insecurity became widespread; the Changes in food preferences section reports insufficient access to marine mammal products for some respondents, while others said their needs were met. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIncreased hunting of marine mammals by local crews enabled communities to exercise traditional practice and ways of life, but also provided much-needed, cheaper accessible local foods during a period of significant stress and economic instability.
“Increased hunting of marine mammals by local crews enabled communities to exercise traditional practice and ways of life, but also provided much-needed, cheaper accessible local foods during a period of significant stress and economic instability (Kozlov, 2004).”
From Institutional navigation of oceans governance: Lessons from Russia and the United States Indigenous multi-level whaling governance in the Arctic (2022) · cites this paper as Kozlov, 2004
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Cites
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- Authors
- Kozlov, A.
- Affiliations
- MNEPU Academy (RU)
- Corresponding author
- Kozlov, Andrew
- ORCID
- Kozlov, Andrew
- Venue
- International Journal of Circumpolar Health
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2004-09
- Volume
- 63
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 235-242
- ISSN
- 1239-9736 (ISSN-L)
- 2242-3982
- OpenAlex
- W2043412808
- Cited by
- 20
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 5
- FWCI
- 0.72
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- International Journal of Circumpolar Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Indigenous Studies and Ecology
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Indigenous Health and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Healthcare Systems and Public Health
- Keywords
- Chukchi, Yup'ik, Chukotka, traditional diet, subsistence economy, economic collapse, food composition, nutritional preferences, seal meat, whaling, fermented foods, Helicobacter pylori, local food, market foods, dietary change
- MeSH terms
- Arctic Regions, Energy Intake, Diet, Food Supply, Humans, Income, Russia, Asian People
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