Information transmission with a multifinger tactual display
Open accessAbstract
In this work, the tactual information transmission capabilities of a tactual display designed to provide stimulation along a continuum from kinesthetic movements to cutaneous vibrations are assessed. The display is capable of delivering arbitrary waveforms to three digits (thumb, index, and middle finger) within an amplitude range from absolute detection threshold to about 50 dB sensation level and a frequency range from dc to above 300 Hz. Stimulus sets were designed at each of three signal durations (125, 250, and 500 msec) by combining salient attributes, such as frequency (further divided into low, middle, and high regions), amplitude, direction of motion, and finger location. Estimated static information transfer (IT) was 6.5 bits at 500 msec, 6.4 bits at 250 msec, and 5.6 bits at 125 msec. Estimates of IT rate were derived from identification experiments in which the subject's task was to identify the middle stimulus in a sequence of three stimuli randomly selected from a given stimulus set. On the basis of the extrapolations from these IT measurements to continuous streams, the IT rate was estimated to be about 12 bits/sec, which is roughly the same as that achieved by Tadoma users in tactual speech communication.
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From 100 to 300 Hz, one feels smooth vibration.
“and from 100 to 300 Hz, smooth vibration [68].”
From Design Guidelines and Recommendations for Multimodal, Touchscreen-based Graphics (2020) · cites this paper as [68]
The Method Stimuli passage describes smooth vibration as occurring above about 150 Hz, and the Motion Flutter/Vibration passage describes the 150- and 300-Hz stimuli as vibrations. The source does not establish that smooth vibration begins at 100 Hz, so it supports only part of the claimed range. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIf the frequency of a vibration is below 3 Hz, it is perceived as slow kinesthetic motion.
“If the frequency of a vibration is below 3 Hz, it is perceived as slow kinesthetic motion [68].”
From Design Guidelines and Recommendations for Multimodal, Touchscreen-based Graphics (2020) · cites this paper as [68]
From 10 to 70 Hz, one feels rough motion or fluttering.
“From 10 to 70 Hz, one feels rough motion or fluttering”
From Design Guidelines and Recommendations for Multimodal, Touchscreen-based Graphics (2020) · cites this paper as [68]
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- Authors
- Tan, H. Z., Durlach, N. I., Reed, C. M., & Rabinowitz, W. M.
- Affiliations
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tan, Hong Z.
- Venue
- Perception & Psychophysics
- Published
- 1999-08
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 993-1008
- ISSN
- 0031-5117 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-5962
- OpenAlex
- W2092607849
- Cited by
- 159
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 1.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Perception & Psychophysics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Funders
- National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (2 R01 DC 00126-16, R01DC000126)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Tactile and Sensory Interactions
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Teleoperation and Haptic Systems
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Keywords
- information transmission, kinesthetic stimulation, stimulus identification
- MeSH terms
- Communication Devices for People with Disabilities, Communication Aids for Disabled, Female, Humans, Kinesthesis, Male, Psychophysics, Touch, Vibration
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