Millisecond precision psychological research in a world of commodity computers: new hardware, new problems?
Abstract
Since the publication of Plant, Hammond, and Turner (2004), which highlighted a pressing need for researchers to pay more attention to sources of error in computer-based experiments, the landscape has undoubtedly changed, but not necessarily for the better. Readily available hardware has improved in terms of raw speed; multi core processors abound; graphics cards now have hundreds of megabytes of RAM; main memory is measured in gigabytes; drive space is measured in terabytes; ever larger thin film transistor displays capable of single-digit response times, together with newer Digital Light Processing multimedia projectors, enable much greater graphic complexity; and new 64-bit operating systems, such as Microsoft Vista, are now commonplace. However, have millisecond-accurate presentation and response timing improved, and will they ever be available in commodity computers and peripherals? In the present article, we used a Black Box ToolKit to measure the variability in timing characteristics of hardware used commonly in psychological research.
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Differences in computer hardware and software can, in some circumstances, add up to 100 ms to mean SRT latency measurements, and software interruptions could also increase latency measures and trial-to-trial SRT latency variability.
“Differences in computer hardware and software (Plant and Turner, 2009) can, in some circumstances, add up to 100 ms to mean SRT latency measurements (Neath et al., 2011), and software interruptions could also increase latency measures and trial-to-trial SRT latency variability.”
From Factors influencing the latency of simple reaction time (2015) · cites this paper as Plant and Turner, 2009
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- Authors
- Plant, R. R., & Turner, G.
- Affiliations
- University of York (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Plant, Richard R.
- ORCID
- Plant, Richard R.
- Venue
- Behavior Research Methods
- Published
- 2009-08
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 598-614
- ISSN
- 1554-351X (ISSN-L)
- 1554-3528
- OpenAlex
- W2095211347
- Cited by
- 96
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 0.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Behavior Research Methods (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Psychology Research and Bibliometrics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Control and Systems Engineering › Embedded Systems and FPGA Design
- Keywords
- computer-based experiments, presentation timing, response timing, multi-core processors, digital light processing projector
- MeSH terms
- Computer Graphics, Computers, Research Design, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Software, Behavioral Research
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