Structural priming during comprehension: A pattern from many pieces
Open accessAbstract
Syntactic/structural priming has been shown to take place during comprehension. However, early comprehension findings revealed discrepancies with those in production, such as little to no abstract priming, yet readily observable lexically-mediated priming. These observations spurred important questions about whether structural processing is more lexically dependent during comprehension, whether abstract priming occurs at all during comprehension, and whether the mechanisms of structural facilitation are shared across these two modalities. The past decade has fortunately yielded many influential structural priming studies in comprehension, including those that seek to bridge the gap between structural processing across production and comprehension. This review serves to summarize recent findings that provide compelling evidence that abstract structural priming and learning do take place in comprehension, and that these effects show parity with those found in production. Competing mechanistic explanations of structural priming are also reviewed and considered in light of findings in both modalities. Lastly, a summary is provided that outlines future lines of inquiry needed to establish a better understanding of structural representation, priming, and learning in comprehension, and more generally.
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The Role of Guided Language in Winning Debates: Slogans and Posters in the British Context
Al-Tarawneh, A., Al-Badawi, M. A., Hatab, W. A., & Alhalalmeh, A. (2024) · Studies in systems, decision and control · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-73545-5_94 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Structural repetition in responses to indirect requests
Chia, K., Edwards, A. A., Schatschneider, C., & Kaschak, M. P. (2023) · Discourse Processes · doi:10.1080/0163853x.2023.2255508
Indexing prediction error during syntactic priming via pupillometry
Kumarage, S., Malko, A., & Kidd, E. (2025) · Language Cognition and Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/23273798.2025.2506634 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Does Working Memory Modulate Cross-Linguistic Structural Priming?Preprint
Chen, X., Bao, X., Yang, Q., & Wang, S. (2023) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4835169
Efeitos de priming estrutural no processamento de passivas em português brasileiro
Mota, M. B., Angeli, N. P. D., Bin, P. R., Rigatti, P. C., & Adamczyk, P. V. F. (2023) · Letrônica · doi:10.15448/1984-4301.2023.1.44446
Getty, D. J., Wei, X., & Chen, L. (2024) · Education Sciences · doi:10.3390/educsci14020204
Pires, B. T., & Mota, M. B. (2023) · Veredas - Revista de Estudos Linguísticos · doi:10.34019/1982-2243.2023.v27.40818
Syntactic Adaptation and Word Learning in 3‐ to 4‐Year‐Olds
Yu, Y., Havron, N., & Fisher, C. L. (2024) · Language Learning · doi:10.1111/lang.12661 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
(2023) · Constructional approaches to language · doi:10.1075/cal.35.ci
Similarity relations in the grammatical network
(2023) · Constructional approaches to language · doi:10.1075/cal.35.c2
(2023) · Constructional approaches to language · doi:10.1075/cal.35.ack
(2023) · Constructional approaches to language · doi:10.1075/cal.35.gi
(2023) · Constructional approaches to language · doi:10.1075/cal.35.prelim
Appendix A. List of experimental materials
(2023) · Constructional approaches to language · doi:10.1075/cal.35.app1
(2023) · Constructional approaches to language · doi:10.1075/cal.35.c3
(2023) · Constructional approaches to language · doi:10.1075/cal.35.refs
(2023) · Constructional approaches to language · doi:10.1075/cal.35.c1
(2023) · Constructional approaches to language · doi:10.1075/cal.35.toc
(2023) · Constructional approaches to language · doi:10.1075/cal.35.lot
Extending the scope of structural priming
(2023) · Constructional approaches to language · doi:10.1075/cal.35.c5
Conclusion and further implications
(2023) · Constructional approaches to language · doi:10.1075/cal.35.c6
Priming evidence of similarity relations among alternating constructions
(2023) · Constructional approaches to language · doi:10.1075/cal.35.c4
(2023) · Constructional approaches to language · doi:10.1075/cal.35.app2
(2023) · Constructional approaches to language · doi:10.1075/cal.35.lof
The influence of syntactic priming on syntactic prediction in SOV languagesPreprint
Odud, W., & Husain, S. (2025) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/n8v6z_v2
Slim, M. S., Lauwers, P., & Hartsuiker, R. (2025) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1016/j.jml.2025.104661
(2023) · Constructional approaches to language · doi:10.1075/cal.35.index-group
Structural priming in humans and large language models
Sinclair, A., Klimovich‐Gray, A., Jumelet, J., Adamian, N., & Konopka, A. E. (2026) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1016/j.jml.2025.104713
Subject length in English-Arabic simultaneous interpreting
Zahran, A. A., Ali, E. A. M., Jamoussi, R., & Alghafri, A. S. R. (2026) · Translation Cognition & Behavior · doi:10.1075/tcb.25023.alz
A lack of robust cross-domain structural priming effects.
Tooley, K. M., & Dawkins, P. (2026) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/s13421-026-01901-6
Self-citationAn N400/P600 trade-off in abstract priming: ERP evidence from phrasal processing
Li, F., & Xu, X. (2026) · Brain and Language · doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2026.105781
Syntactic headedness aligns with visual narrative structure.
Cohn, N., & Cardoso, B. (2026) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2026.106712
- Authors
- Tooley, K. M.
- Affiliations
- Texas State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tooley, Kristen M.
- ORCID
- Tooley, Kristen M.
- Venue
- Psychonomic Bulletin & Review
- Published
- 2022-11-03
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 882-896
- ISSN
- 1069-9384 (ISSN-L)
- 1531-5320
- OpenAlex
- W4308059499
- Cited by
- 47
- References
- 105
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 26
- FWCI
- 1.36
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Psychonomic Bulletin & Review (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation
- Keywords
- structural priming, syntactic priming, sentence comprehension, lexical priming, structural representation, syntactic learning
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Learning, Comprehension
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