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Telomeres and telomerase in oncogenesis (Review)

Trybek, Tomasz, Kowalik, Artur, Góźdź, Stanisław, Kowalska, Aldona·2020·Oncology Letters
DOI 10.3892/ol.2020.11659PMC PMC7377093
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Figure 1. Telomere structure. Telomeric DNA contains tandem repeats of DNA sequence 5′-TTAGGG-3′, terminal 3′ G-rich overhang and shelterin complex of six subunits: TRF1, TRF2 and POT1 (proteins responsible for recognition of TTAGGG telomeric repeats), and TIN2, TPP1 and RAP1 (complex stabilizing proteins). The telomere structure forms two loops, the T-loop and the D-loop. TRF1, telomere repeat factor-1; TRF2, telomere repeat factor-2; POT1, protection of telomeres-1; TIN2, TRF1 interacting protein-2; RAP1, repressor/activator protein 1; TPP1, TINT1/PTOP/PIP1 protein (POT1-TIN2 organizing protein).
Figure 1. Telomere structure. Telomeric DNA contains tandem repeats of DNA sequence 5′-TTAGGG-3′, terminal 3′ G-rich overhang and shelterin complex of six subunits: TRF1, TRF2 and POT1 (proteins responsible for recognition of TTAGGG telomeric repeats), and TIN2, TPP1 and RAP1 (complex stabilizing proteins). The telomere structure forms two loops, the T-loop and the D-loop. TRF1, telomere repeat factor-1; TRF2, telomere repeat factor-2; POT1, protection of telomeres-1; TIN2, TRF1 interacting protein-2; RAP1, repressor/activator protein 1; TPP1, TINT1/PTOP/PIP1 protein (POT1-TIN2 organizing protein).CC BY-NC-ND · PubMed Central
Figure 2. Telomerase structure. Human telomerase is composed of TERC-telomerase RNA component (RNA template), TERT-telomerase reverse transcriptase (catalytic subunit with reverse transcriptase activity) and the accessory proteins. NHP2, non-histone protein 2; NOP10, nucleolar protein 10; GAR1, glycine arginine rich 1; TCAB1, telomerase Cajal body protein 1; HSP90, heat shock protein 90; SRSF11, serine and arginine rich splicing factor 11; TERC, telomerase RNA component; TERT, telomerase reverse transcriptase.
Figure 2. Telomerase structure. Human telomerase is composed of TERC-telomerase RNA component (RNA template), TERT-telomerase reverse transcriptase (catalytic subunit with reverse transcriptase activity) and the accessory proteins. NHP2, non-histone protein 2; NOP10, nucleolar protein 10; GAR1, glycine arginine rich 1; TCAB1, telomerase Cajal body protein 1; HSP90, heat shock protein 90; SRSF11, serine and arginine rich splicing factor 11; TERC, telomerase RNA component; TERT, telomerase reverse transcriptase.CC BY-NC-ND · PubMed Central
Figure 3. Frequency of TERT promoter mutations in different types of cancer. Data were obtained from a previous study (37). TERT, telomerase reverse transcriptase; PDC, poorly differentiated carcinoma.
Figure 3. Frequency of TERT promoter mutations in different types of cancer. Data were obtained from a previous study (37). TERT, telomerase reverse transcriptase; PDC, poorly differentiated carcinoma.CC BY-NC-ND · PubMed Central

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Cited by

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Metadata

Authors
Trybek, T., Kowalik, A., Góźdź, S., & Kowalska, A.
Affiliations
  • Endocrinology Clinic, Holycross Cancer Center, 25‑734 Kielce, Poland
  • Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Holycross Cancer Center, 25‑734 Kielce, Poland
  • The Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, 25‑319 Kielce, Poland
ORCID
Venue
Oncology Letters
Publisher
Spandidos Publications
Published
2020-05-21
Volume
20
Issue
2
Pages
1015-1027
ISSN
  • 1792-1074
  • 1792-1082
DOI
10.3892/ol.2020.11659
PMC
PMC7377093
Cited by
119
References
15

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Telomeres and telomerase in oncogenesis (Review). https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3892/ol.2020.11659
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Trybek, T., Kowalik, A., Góźdź, S., & Kowalska, A. (2020). Telomeres and telomerase in oncogenesis (Review). Oncology Letters. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.11659