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High purity galacto-oligosaccharides enhance specific Bifidobacterium species and their metabolic activity in the mouse gut microbiome
Open accessAbstract
Prebiotics are selectively fermented ingredients that result in specific changes in the composition and/or activity of the gastrointestinal microbiota, thus conferring benefit(s) upon the host health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of a β(1-4)galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) formulation consisting of 90% pure GOS (GOS90), on the composition and activity of the mouse gut microbiota. Germ-free mice were colonised with microbiota from four pathogen-free wt 129 mice donors (SPF), and stools were collected during a feeding trial in which GOS90 was delivered orally for 14 days. Pyrosequencing of 16S rDNA amplicons showed that Bifidobacterium and specific Lactobacillus , Bacteroides and Clostridiales were more prevalent in GOS90-fed mice after 14 days, although the prebiotic impact on Bifidobacterium varied among individual mice. Prebiotic feeding also resulted in decreased abundance of Bacteroidales, Helicobacter and Clostridium. High-throughput quantitative PCR showed an increased abundance of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum, Bifidobacterium lactis and Bifidobacterium gallicum in the prebiotic-fed mice. Control female mice showed a higher diversity (phylogenetic diversity (PD) = 15.1±3.4 in stools and PD = 13.0±0.6 in intestinal contents) than control males (PD = 7.8±1.6 in stool samples and PD = 9.5±1.0 in intestinal contents). GOS90 did not modify inflammatory biomarkers (interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12, IL-1β, interferon gamma and tumour necrosis factor alpha). Decreased butyrate, acetate and lactate concentrations in stools of prebiotic fed mice suggested an increase in colonic absorption and reduced excretion. Overall, our results demonstrate that GOS90 is capable of modulating the intestinal microbiome resulting in expansion of the probiome (autochtonous commensal intestinal bacteria considered to have a beneficial influence on health).
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“On the other hand, numerous studies have demonstrated the capability of prebiotics to promote bifidobacterial presence within the microbiota, correlating with other changes in the overall microbiota composition and metabolism.”
From Bifidobacteria and Their Health-Promoting Effects (2017) · cites this paper as [52]
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“In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that modulating bifidobacterial levels through probiotic or prebiotic supplementation can change the overall composition and metabolism of the gut microbiota (49–53).”
From Bifidobacteria and Their Health-Promoting Effects (2017) · cites this paper as [52]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Monteagudo-Mera, A., Arthur, J. C., Jobin, C., Keku, T., Bruno-Barcena, J. M., & Azcarate-Peril, M. A.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, 4550A Thomas Hall, Campus Box 7615, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Microbiome Core Facility, Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina, 312 Isaac Taylor Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Venue
- Beneficial Microbes
- Publisher
- Walter de Gruyter GmbH
- Published
- 2016
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 247-264
- ISSN
- 1876-2883 (ISSN-L)
- 1876-2891
- PMC
- PMC4974821
- OpenAlex
- W2262506242
- Cited by
- 112
- References
- 91
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 5
- FWCI
- 14.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Beneficial Microbes (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K01DK103952, P30‐DK34987, P30DK034987)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Keywords
- galactooligosaccharides, prebiotics, Bifidobacterium, gut microbiota, germ-free mice, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis, Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum, short-chain fatty acids, butyrate, interleukin-6, inflammation, microbial diversity, Clostridiales, Bacteroidales
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Bacteria, Bifidobacterium, Female, Fermentation, Galactose, Male, Oligosaccharides, Interleukin-6, Interleukin-12, Gastrointestinal Tract, Mice, Prebiotics, Mice, 129 Strain
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