Cited by 561Student Stress and CopingHealthcare professionals’ stress and burnoutMental Health Treatment and Access

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Risk factors associated with stress, anxiety, and depression among university undergraduate students

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Mofatteh, Mohammad, Lincoln College, University of Oxford, Turl Street, Oxford OX1 3DR, United Kingdom, Merton College, University of Oxford, Merton Street, Oxford OX1 4DJ, United Kingdom, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom·2021·AIMS Public Health

DOI 10.3934/publichealth.2021004PMC PMC7870388

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Abstract

It is well-known that prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression is high among university undergraduate students in developed and developing countries. Students entering university are from different socioeconomic background, which can bring a variety of mental health risk factors. The aim of this review was to investigate present literatures to identify risk factors associated with stress, anxiety, and depression among university undergraduate students in developed and developing countries. I identified and critically evaluated forty-one articles about risk factors associated with mental health of undergraduate university students in developed and developing countries from 2000 to 2020 according to the inclusion criteria. Selected papers were analyzed for risk factor themes. Six different themes of risk factors were identified: psychological, academic, biological, lifestyle, social and financial. Different risk factor groups can have different degree of impact on students' stress, anxiety, and depression. Each theme of risk factor was further divided into multiple subthemes. Risk factors associated with stress, depression and anxiety among university students should be identified early in university to provide them with additional mental health support and prevent exacerbation of risk factors.

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Figure 1. A flowchart demonstrating the procedure for identification, screening, exclusion and inclusion of the articles in this review.CC BY · PubMed Central

Figure 2. A quantitative summary of distribution of included papers. Analysis of search results were conducted to demonstrate (A) country of publication, (B) publication type, and (C) publication year.CC BY · PubMed Central

Figure 3. A concept map demonstrating a complex relationship between risk factors associated with SAD in university undergraduate students studying in developed and developing countries. Different themes are represented by different shapes: circle, biological; oval, academic; triangle, psychological, rectangle, social; pentagon, lifestyle; hexagon, financial. The size of shapes is arbitrary. Arrowheads indicate associations.CC BY · PubMed Central

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Authors: Mofatteh, M., Lincoln College, U. O. O., Merton College, U. O. O., & Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, U. O. O.
Affiliations: University of Oxford (GB)
Corresponding author: Mofatteh, Mohammad
ORCID: Mofatteh, Mohammad
Venue: AIMS Public Health
Publisher: American Institute of Mathematical Sciences (AIMS)
Published: 2021
Volume: 8
Issue: 1
Pages: 36-65
ISSN: 2327-8994 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2021004
PMC: PMC7870388
OpenAlex: W3118086842
Cited by: 561
References: 67
Citations by year: 2026: 102 · 2025: 190 · 2024: 132 · 2023: 96 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 12
FWCI: 51.66
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
Locations: AIMS Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Student Stress and Coping
Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Keywords: stress, anxiety, depression, undergraduate students, mental health risk factors, academic stress, financial stress, social stress, lifestyle factors, biological risk factors, psychological risk factors, mental health support, developed and developing countries

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Risk factors associated with stress, anxiety, and depression among university undergraduate students

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