Cited by 473Gastrointestinal motility and disordersProbiotics and Fermented FoodsGut microbiota and health

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Mechanisms of Action of Probiotics and the Gastrointestinal Microbiota on Gut Motility and Constipation

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Dimidi, Eirini, Christodoulides, Stephanos, Scott, S Mark, Whelan, Kevin·2017·Advances in Nutrition

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Abstract

Constipation is a common and burdensome gastrointestinal disorder that may result from altered gastrointestinal motility. The effect of probiotics on constipation has been increasingly investigated in both animal and human studies, showing promising results. However, there is still uncertainty regarding the mechanisms of action of probiotics on gut motility and constipation. Several factors are vital to normal gut motility, including immune and nervous system function, bile acid metabolism and mucus secretion, and the gastrointestinal microbiota and fermentation; an imbalance or dysfunction in any of these components may contribute to aberrant gut motility and, consequently, symptoms of constipation. For example, adults with functional constipation have significantly decreased numbers of bifidobacteria (with one study showing a mean difference of 1 log 10/g) and lactobacilli (mean difference, 1.4 log 10/g) in stool samples, as well as higher breath methane, compared with control subjects. Modifying the gut luminal environment with certain probiotic strains may affect motility and secretion in the gut and, hence, provide a benefit for patients with constipation. Therefore, this review explores the mechanisms through which probiotics may exert an effect on gut motility and constipation. Nevertheless, the majority of current evidence is derived from animal studies, and therefore, further human studies are needed to determine the mechanisms through specific probiotic strains that might be effective in constipation.

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Authors: Dimidi, E., Christodoulides, S., Scott, S. M., & Whelan, K.
Affiliations: Queen Mary University of London (GB)
King's College London (GB)
Corresponding author: Whelan, Kevin
ORCID: Dimidi, Eirini
Christodoulides, Stephanos
Scott, S Mark
Whelan, Kevin
Venue: Advances in Nutrition
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2017-05
Volume: 8
Issue: 3
Pages: 484-494
ISSN: 2156-5376 (ISSN-L)
2161-8313
DOI: 10.3945/an.116.014407
PMC: PMC5421123
OpenAlex: W2615801135
Cited by: 468
References: 108
Citations by year: 2026: 36 · 2025: 68 · 2024: 90 · 2023: 70 · 2022: 73 · 2021: 52 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 3
FWCI: 3.68
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/open-access/userlicense/1.0/ (vor, 1732 d)
Locations: Advances in Nutrition (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Queen Mary Research Online (Queen Mary University of London) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Keywords: probiotics, constipation, intestinal motility, gut microbiota, Bifidobacterium, lactobacilli, bile acid metabolism, mucus secretion, gut fermentation, breath methane, functional constipation, immune function, nervous system function
MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Constipation, Gastrointestinal Diseases, Gastrointestinal Motility, Humans, Probiotics, Gastrointestinal Tract

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Mechanisms of Action of Probiotics and the Gastrointestinal Microbiota on Gut Motility and Constipation

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