The DOI matches its Crossref record; 65 of the 65 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide and IFN-γ Induce Toll-Like Receptor 2 and Toll-Like Receptor 4 Expression in Human Endothelial Cells: Role of NF-κB Activation
Open accessAbstract
Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 has been identified as the primary receptor for enteric LPS, whereas TLR2 has been implicated as the receptor for Gram-positive and fungal cell wall components and for bacterial, mycobacterial, and spirochetal lipoproteins. Vascular endothelial cell (EC) activation or injury by microbial cell wall components such as LPS is of critical importance in the development of sepsis and septic shock. We have previously shown that EC express predominantly TLR4, and have very little TLR2. These cells respond vigorously to LPS via TLR4, but are unresponsive to lipoproteins and other TLR2 ligands. Here we show that LPS, TNF-α, or IFN-γ induce TLR2 expression in both human dermal microvessel EC and HUVEC. Furthermore, LPS and IFN-γ act synergistically to induce TLR2 expression in EC, and LPS-induced TLR2 expression is NF-κB dependent. LPS and IFN-γ also up-regulate TLR4 mRNA expression in EC. These data indicate that TLR2 and TLR4 expression in ECs is regulated by inflammatory molecules such as LPS, TNF-α, or IFN-γ. TLR2 and TLR4 molecules may render EC responsive to TLR2 ligands and may help to explain the synergy between LPS and lipoproteins, and between LPS and IFN-γ, in inducing shock associated with Gram-negative sepsis.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Defective LPS Signaling in C3H/HeJ and C57BL/10ScCr Mice: Mutations in Tlr4 Gene
Poltorak, A., He, X., Smirnova, I., Liu, M.-Y., Huffel, C. V., Du, X., Birdwell, D., Alejos, E., Silva, M., Galanos, C., et al. (1998) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.282.5396.2085 · Cited by 7,631
Jaffe, E. A., Nachman, R. L., Becker, C. G., & Minick, C. R. (1973) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci107470 · Cited by 6,856
A human homologue of the Drosophila Toll protein signals activation of adaptive immunity
Medzhitov, R., Preston-Hurlburt, P., & Janeway, C. A. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/41131 · Cited by 5,590
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ is a negative regulator of macrophage activation
Ricote, M., Li, A. C., Willson, T. M., Kelly, C. J., & Glass, C. K. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/34178 · Cited by 3,525
Hoshino, K., Takeuchi, O., Kawai, T., Sanjo, H., Ogawa, T., Takeda, Y., Takeda, K., & Akira, S. (1999) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.162.7.3749 · Cited by 3,374
Takeuchi, O., Hoshino, K., Kawai, T., Sanjo, H., Takada, H., Ogawa, T., Takeda, K., & Akira, S. (1999) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/s1074-7613(00)80119-3 · Cited by 3,362
Approaching the Asymptote? Evolution and Revolution in Immunology
Janeway, C. A. (1989) · Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology · doi:10.1101/sqb.1989.054.01.003 · Cited by 3,252
PPAR-γ agonists inhibit production of monocyte inflammatory cytokines
Jiang, C., Ting, A. T., & Seed, B. (1998) · Nature · doi:10.1038/34184 · Cited by 2,899
Phylogenetic Perspectives in Innate Immunity
Hoffmann, J. A., Kafatos, F. C., Janeway, C. A., & Ezekowitz, R. A. B. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.284.5418.1313 · Cited by 2,492
Innate Immunity: The Virtues of a Nonclonal System of Recognition
Medzhitov, R., & Janeway, C. A. (1997) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80412-2 · Cited by 2,434
Cited by
Reactive Oxygen Species in Inflammation and Tissue Injury
Mittal, M., Siddiqui, M. R., Tran, K., Reddy, S. P., & Malik, A. B. (2014) · Antioxidants & Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/ars.2012.5149 · Cited by 4,897
Hepatic T cells and liver tolerance
Crispe, I. N. (2003) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri981 · Cited by 661
Modulation of atherosclerosis in mice by Toll-like receptor 2
Mullick, A. E. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci25482 · Cited by 549
Oxidative stress and gene expression in sepsis
Macdonald, J., Galley, H. F., & Webster, N. R. (2003) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/aeg034 · Cited by 497
Melmed, G., Thomas, L. S., Lee, N., Tesfay, S. Y., Lukasek, K., Michelsen, K. S., Zhou, Y., Hu, B., Arditi, M., & Abreu, M. T. (2003) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.170.3.1406 · Cited by 431
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Faure, E., Thomas, L., Xu, H., Medvedev, A. E., Equils, O., & Arditi, M.
- Venue
- The Journal of Immunology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2001-02-01
- Volume
- 166
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 2018-2024
- ISSN
- 0022-1767 (ISSN-L)
- 1550-6606
- OpenAlex
- W1503713311
- Cited by
- 451
- References
- 65
- FWCI
- 9.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide and IFN-γ Induce Toll-Like Receptor 2 and Toll-Like Receptor 4 Expression in Human Endothelial Cells: Role of NF-κB Activation. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.4049/jimmunol.166.3.2018
- The paper
- Faure, E., Thomas, L., Xu, H., Medvedev, A. E., Equils, O., & Arditi, M. (2001). Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide and IFN-γ Induce Toll-Like Receptor 2 and Toll-Like Receptor 4 Expression in Human Endothelial Cells: Role of NF-κB Activation. The Journal of Immunology. https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.166.3.2018
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
