Cited by 227Aging and Gerontology ResearchAging, Health, and DisabilityHealth disparities and outcomes

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Paradoxical Trend for Improvement in Mental Health With Aging: A Community-Based Study of 1,546 Adults Aged 21–100 Years

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Thomas, Michael L., Kaufmann, Christopher N., Palmer, Barton W., Depp, Colin A., Martin, Averria Sirkin, Glorioso, Danielle K., Thompson, Wesley K., Jeste, Dilip V.·2016·The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry

DOI 10.4088/jcp.16m10671PMC PMC5461877

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Studies of aging usually focus on trajectories of physical and cognitive function, with far less emphasis on overall mental health, despite its impact on general health and mortality. This study examined linear and nonlinear trends of physical, cognitive, and mental health over the entire adult lifespan. METHODS: Cross-sectional data were obtained from 1,546 individuals aged 21-100 years, selected using random digit dialing for the Successful AGing Evaluation (SAGE) study, a structured multicohort investigation that included telephone interviews and in-home surveys of community-based adults without dementia. Data were collected from 1/26/2010 to 10/07/2011 targeting participants aged 50-100 years and from 6/25/2012 to 7/15/2013 targeting participants aged 21-100 years with an emphasis on adding younger individuals. Data included self-report measures of physical health, measures of both positive and negative attributes of mental health, and a phone interview-based measure of cognition. RESULTS: Comparison of age cohorts using polynomial regression suggested a possible accelerated deterioration in physical and cognitive functioning, averaging 1.5 to 2 standard deviations over the adult lifespan. In contrast, there appeared to be a linear improvement of about 1 standard deviation in various attributes of mental health over the same life period. CONCLUSIONS: These cross-sectional findings suggest the possibility of a linear improvement in mental health beginning in young adulthood rather than a U-shaped curve reported in some prior studies. Lifespan research combining psychosocial and biological markers may improve our understanding of resilience to mental disability in older age and lead to broad-based interventions promoting mental health in all age groups.

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Authors: Thomas, M. L., Kaufmann, C. N., Palmer, B. W., Depp, C. A., Martin, A. S., Glorioso, D. K., Thompson, W. K., & Jeste, D. V.
Affiliations: University of California San Diego (US)
Corresponding author: Jeste, Dilip V.
ORCID: Thomas, Michael L.
Kaufmann, Christopher N.
Palmer, Barton W.
Depp, Colin A.
Martin, Averria Sirkin
Glorioso, Danielle K.
Thompson, Wesley K.
Jeste, Dilip V.
Venue: The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry
Publisher: Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc
Published: 2016-08-24
Volume: 77
Issue: 08
Pages: e1019-e1025
ISSN: 0160-6689 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.4088/jcp.16m10671
PMC: PMC5461877
OpenAlex: W2516882969
Cited by: 225
References: 62
Citations by year: 2026: 18 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 61 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8
FWCI: 19.77
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders: University of California, San Diego
National Institute of Mental Health (K23MH102420, R01MH099987, R01MH094151, T32MH019934)
Sam and Rose Stein Institute for Research on Aging
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Aging, Health, and Disability
Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
Keywords: mental health, aging, lifespan development, physical health, cognitive function, successful aging, resilience, older adults, early adulthood, U-shaped curve
MeSH terms: Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Cross-Sectional Studies, Health Status, Health Surveys, Humans, Mental Health, Middle Aged, Resilience, Psychological, Young Adult, Self Report

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Paradoxical Trend for Improvement in Mental Health With Aging: A Community-Based Study of 1,546 Adults Aged 21–100 Years

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