Perceived heat stress and health effects on construction workers
Open accessAbstract
INTRODUCTION: Increasing heat waves-particularly in urban areas where construction is most prevalent, highlight a need for heat exposure assessment of construction workers. This study aims to characterize the effects of heat on construction workers from a site in Gandhinagar. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study involved a mixed methods approach consisting of a cross sectional survey with anthropometric measurements (n = 219) and four focus groups with construction workers, as well as environmental measurements of heat stress exposure at a construction site. Survey data was collected in two seasons i.e., summer and winter months, and heat illness and symptoms were compared between the two time periods. Thematic coding of focus group data was used to identify vulnerability factors and coping mechanisms of the workers. Heat stress, recorded using a wet bulb globe temperature monitor, was compared to international safety standards. RESULTS: The survey findings suggest that heat-related symptoms increased in summer; 59% of all reports in summer were positive for symptoms (from Mild to Severe) as compared to 41% in winter. Focus groups revealed four dominant themes: (1) Non-occupational stressors compound work stressors; (2) workers were particularly attuned to the impact of heat on their health; (3) workers were aware of heat-related preventive measures; and (4) few resources were currently available to protect workers from heat stress. Working conditions often exceed international heat stress safety thresholds. Female workers and new employees might be at increased risk of illness or injury. CONCLUSION: This study suggests significant health impacts on construction workers from heat stress exposure in the workplace, showed that heat stress levels were higher than those prescribed by international standards and highlights the need for revision of work practices, increased protective measures, and possible development of indigenous work safety standards for heat exposure.
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Many workers were from regions in India, such as Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, and Maharastra, where mean WBGT values ranging from 28.7 to 34.1°C have been reported for outdoor construction worksites.
“Many were from regions in India, such as Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, and Maharastra, where mean WBGT values ranging from 28.7 to 34.1°C have been reported for outdoor construction worksites (Maiti, 2008; Dutta et al., 2015; Venugopal et al., 2016).”
From Assessment of Heat Stress Exposure among Construction Workers in the Hot Desert Climate of Saudi Arabia (2019) · cites this paper as Dutta et al., 2015
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- Authors
- Dutta, P., Rajiva, A., Andhare, D., Azhar, G., Tiwari, A., Sheffield, P., & Ahmedabad Heat and Climate Study Group
- Affiliations
- Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Dutta, Priya
- Venue
- Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
- Publisher
- Medknow
- Published
- 2015
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 151
- ISSN
- 0019-5278 (ISSN-L)
- 0973-2284
- PMC
- PMC4765254
- OpenAlex
- W2235278500
- Cited by
- 145
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 49 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 3.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-sa
- Locations
- Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (K23ES024127, P30ES023515)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Occupational Therapy › Occupational Health and Safety in Workplaces
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Radiological and Ultrasound Technology › Occupational Health and Safety Research
- Keywords
- heat stress, construction workers, occupational heat exposure, heat-related illness, heat-related symptoms, wet bulb globe temperature, seasonal variation, coping strategies, occupational safety standards, female workers, new employees, heat waves, Gandhinagar
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