Telepsychiatry: Promise, potential, and challenges
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Despite the high prevalence and potentially disabling consequences of mental disorders, specialized mental health services are extremely deficient, leading to the so-called 'Mental Health Gap'. Moreover, the services are concentrated in the urban areas, further worsening the rural-urban and tertiary primary care divide. Strengthening of and expanding the existing human resources and infrastructure, and integrating mental health into primary care appear to be the two major solutions. However, both the strategies are riddled with logistic difficulties and have a long gestation period. In such a scenario, telepsychiatry or e-mental health, defined as the use of information and communication technology to provide or support psychiatric services across distances, appears to be a promising answer. Due to its enormous potential, a review of the existing literature becomes imperative. An extensive search of literature was carried out and has been presented to delineate the modes of communication, acceptability and satisfaction, reliability, outcomes, cost-effectiveness, and legal and ethical challenges related to telepsychiatry. Telepsychiatry has been applied for direct patient care (diagnosis and management), consultation, and training, education, and research purposes. Both real-time, live interaction (synchronous) and store-forward (asynchronous) types of technologies have been used for these purposes. A growing amount of literature shows that training, supervision, and consultation by specialists to primary care physicians through telepsychiatry has several advantages. In this background, we have further focused on the models of telepsychiatry best suited for India, considering that mental health care can be integrated into primary care and taken to the doorstep of patients in the community.
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Digital biomarkers hold promise for enabling scalable, time-sensitive, and cost-effective assessment of depression by providing real-time psychological, behavioral, and physiological data, but further validation is required.
“Digital biomarkers hold promise for enabling scalable, time-sensitive, and cost-effective assessment of depression 13,14 by providing real-time psychological, behavioral, and physiological data, 15 but further validation is required.”
From Digital health technologies and major depressive disorder (2023) · cites this paper as [15]
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- Authors
- Malhotra, S., Chakrabarti, S., & Shah, R.
- Affiliations
- Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (IN)
- Corresponding author
- Malhotra, Savita
- Venue
- Indian Journal of Psychiatry
- Published
- 2013
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 3
- ISSN
- 0019-5545 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3574452
- OpenAlex
- W2077680807
- Cited by
- 117
- References
- 83
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 7.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-sa
- Locations
- Indian Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Telemedicine and Telehealth Implementation
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychiatric care and mental health services
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- telepsychiatry, e-mental health, mental health gap, urban-rural differences, integration of mental health into primary care, psychiatric consultation, synchronous telemedicine, cost-effectiveness, legal and ethical issues, mental health professionals, India
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