High vectorial transmission of malaria in urban and rural settings in the northern, western and eastern regions of Côte d’Ivoire

Adja, Akré M.; Assouho, Konan F.; Assi, Serge-Brice; Guindo-Coulibaly, Négnorogo; Tia, Emmanuel; Sagna, André B.; Zoh, Dounin D.; Moro, Affoué C.; Yapi, Ahoua

doi:10.4103/0972-9062.355967

Cited by 15Malaria Research and ControlBird parasitology and diseasesMosquito-borne diseases and control

High vectorial transmission of malaria in urban and rural settings in the northern, western and eastern regions of Côte d’Ivoire

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Adja, Akré M., Assouho, Konan F., Assi, Serge-Brice, Guindo-Coulibaly, Négnorogo, Tia, Emmanuel, Sagna, André B., Zoh, Dounin D., Moro, Affoué C. +1 more·2022·Journal of Vector Borne Diseases

DOI 10.4103/0972-9062.355967

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Abstract

Background & objectives: Malaria remains a public health problem in Côte d’Ivoire. To cope with this issue, the Ministry of Health established strategies through Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) and artemisinin-based medicines. To better understand the influence of periodic mass distribution of LLINs on malaria transmission, this entomological survey was conducted in three regions of Côte d’Ivoire. Methods: Mosquitoes were sampled by Human Landing Catches (HLC) in urban and rural settings of Korhogo, Man and Abengourou. Mosquitoes were identified morphologically and by molecular methods. Plasmodium falciparum infection was assessed by ELISA, and the Entomological Inoculation Rates (EIR) were calculated for each species and setting. Results: Only An. gambiae s.l. was identified in Korhogo and in Abengourou while An. gambiae s.l. and An. funestus s.l. was reported in Man. An. coluzzii was the most abundant species of the An. gambiae siblings collected in Abengourou, and in Man while An. gambiae was most abundant in Korhogo. In urban settings, malaria vectors showed high aggressiveness (>11 bites per person per night) and the annual EIR was high (83.22-438.44 infectious bites per person per year). In rural settings, malaria vectors showed also high aggressiveness (19-52 b/p/n). The annual EIR is very high (>94 ib/p/yr). However, the weakest EIR was recorded in the northern region with 94.90 ib/p/yr. Interpretation & conclusion: This work indicates that malaria transmission remains high and heterogeneous across Côte d’Ivoire, despite repeated mass distribution of LLINs. Also, in Man, malaria transmission is more intense with the involvement of two main vectors. Furthermore, in the village of Korhogo, the EIR remained relatively low.

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This observation is in line with studies conducted in the western, eastern, northern and central parts of Côte d'Ivoire, which found high levels of malaria transmission.
“This observation is in line with studies conducted in the western [16], eastern [42], northern [43] and central parts of Côte d’Ivoire [44], which found high levels of malaria transmission.”
From Characterization and abundance of malaria vectors in Sakassou, Central Côte d'Ivoire (2025) · cites this paper as [42]

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bionomics, insecticide resistance mechanisms, and malaria transmission in the Korhogo area, northern Côte d’Ivoire: a pre-intervention study
Zogo, B., Soma, D. D., Tchiekoi, B. N., Somé, A., Alou, L. P. A., KOFFI, A. A., Fournet, F., Dahounto, A., Coulibaly, B., Kandé, S., et al. (2019) · Springer Link (Chiba Institute of Technology) · doi:10.1051/parasite/2019040/pdf

Authors: Adja, A. M., Assouho, K. F., Assi, S.-B., Guindo-Coulibaly, N., Tia, E., Sagna, A. B., Zoh, D. D., Moro, A. C., & Yapi, A.
Affiliations: Institut National de Santé Publique (CI)
Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Écologie, Génétique, Évolution et Contrôle (FR)
Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny (CI)
Corresponding author: Assouho, Konan F.
ORCID: Assouho, Konan F.
Assi, Serge-Brice
Sagna, André B.
Venue: Journal of Vector Borne Diseases
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2022-07
Volume: 59
Issue: 3
Pages: 275-284
ISSN: 0972-9062 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.4103/0972-9062.355967
OpenAlex: W4295289604
Cited by: 15
References: 26
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4
FWCI: 2.43
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: diamond
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc-sa
Locations: Journal of Vector Borne Diseases (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
HAL (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Malaria Research and Control
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Parasitology › Bird parasitology and diseases
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Mosquito-borne diseases and control
Keywords: Anopheles gambiae s.l., Anopheles coluzzii, entomological inoculation rate, long-lasting insecticidal nets, Plasmodium falciparum, Côte d'Ivoire, Korhogo, man, Abengourou
MeSH terms: Mosquito Vectors, Animals, Anopheles, Humans, Insecticides, Cote d'Ivoire, Malaria, Malaria, Falciparum

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High vectorial transmission of malaria in urban and rural settings in the northern, western and eastern regions of Côte d’Ivoire

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