Cited by 1,024Statistical Methods in EpidemiologyStatistical Methods in Clinical TrialsProbability and Statistical Research

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 19 of the 20 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Sample size estimation and power analysis for clinical research studies

Open access

Suresh, KP, Chandrashekara, S·2012·Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences

DOI 10.4103/0974-1208.97779PMC PMC3409926

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Determining the optimal sample size for a study assures an adequate power to detect statistical significance. Hence, it is a critical step in the design of a planned research protocol. Using too many participants in a study is expensive and exposes more number of subjects to procedure. Similarly, if study is underpowered, it will be statistically inconclusive and may make the whole protocol a failure. This paper covers the essentials in calculating power and sample size for a variety of applied study designs. Sample size computation for single group mean, survey type of studies, 2 group studies based on means and proportions or rates, correlation studies and for case-control for assessing the categorical outcome are presented in detail.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.4103/0974-1208.97779This paper is marked retracted.

Cites

19 of 19 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Statistical Methods for Rates and Proportions
Fleiss, J. L., Levin, B., & Paik, M. C. (2003) · Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics · doi:10.1002/0471445428 · Cited by 18,646
Practical Statistics for Medical Research.
Walter, S., & Altman, D. G. (1992) · Biometrics · doi:10.2307/2532320 · Cited by 11,666
Practical Statistics for Medical Research
Altman, D. G. (1990) · doi:10.1201/9780429258589 · Cited by 10,668
Categorical Data Analysis
Hapeman, D. E., & Agresti, A. (1991) · Technometrics · doi:10.1080/00401706.1991.10484817 · Cited by 9,407
Organizational research: Determining appropriate sample size in survey research
James, E. B. (2001) · Cited by 2,900
Sample Size Determination in Health Studies: A Practical Manual.
Lachenbruch, P. A., Lwanga, S. K., & Lemeshow, S. (1991) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2290547 · Cited by 2,097
Categorical Data Analysis
(2010) · Sage eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781412961288.n40 · Cited by 2,028
Introduction to sample size determination and power analysis for clinical trials
Lachin, J. M. (1981) · Controlled Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/0197-2456(81)90001-5 · Cited by 1,012
Statistics review 4: sample size calculations.
Whitley, E., & Ball, J. (2002) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/cc1521 · Cited by 610
Statistical Power, Sample Size, and Their Reporting in Randomized Controlled Trials
Moher, D. (1994) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.1994.03520020048013 · Cited by 608

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 20 references

1 of the 20 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Sorted by citations

Items 501–600 of 1,000

Effects of Combining Core Muscle Activation with Treadmill Walk on Endurance of Trunk Muscles
Olowe, O. O., Sokunbi, G. O., Okafor, U. A. C., & Amusa, A. M. (2021) · Nigerian Journal of Experimental and Clinical Biosciences · doi:10.4103/njecp.njecp_33_20 · Cited by 4
Overweight and Obesity and Associated Factors among School-Aged Adolescents in Nigeria
Samuel, I. B., Alonge, A. O., Kareem, A. J., Salau, Q., Jegede, T. O., Fasonranti Ifedayo, O., Oluwatuyi, K. O., Babalola Emmanuel, O., & Toluwalope, E. (2022) · Journal of Obesity and Weight-loss Medication · doi:10.23937/2572-4010.1510045 · Cited by 4
A Sample Size Extractor for RCT Reports
Lin, F., Liu, H., Moon, P., & Weng, C. (2022) · Studies in health technology and informatics · doi:10.3233/shti220151 · Cited by 4
Upregulation of Anaphase Promoting Complex (APC) 7 as a Prognostic Marker for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Hospital Based Study
Ali, E., Kalita, M. J., Kalita, S., Talukdar, J., Deka, A. J., Sultana, J., Choudhury, B. N., Baruah, M. N., Bhattacharjee, S., Idris, M. G., et al. (2021) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09722 · Cited by 4
Feasibility and Safety of Intracardiac Echocardiography Guidance in Mitral Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair: Analysis of the National Inpatient Sample Data From 2015 to 2020
Hashem, A. M., Khalouf, A., Agrawal, A., Mohamad, M. S., Nayfeh, T., Kashou, A. H., Chaaya, R. G. B., Rai, D., Verghese, B. G., Little, S. H., et al. (2023) · Current Problems in Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102042 · Cited by 4
A randomised clinical trial study assessing the efficacy of 5% losartan potassium loaded in ethosomal gel to treat human keloids: a trial protocol
Anggraini, Y. E., Trisnowati, N., Martien, R., & Danarti, R. (2024) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-023-07880-2 · Cited by 4
Limited Evidence Suggests Immediate Implant Placement Could be an Alternative to Delayed Implants in Molar Regions
Kamel, S., & Radi, I. A.-E. (2018) · Journal of Evidence Based Dental Practice · doi:10.1016/j.jebdp.2018.06.005 · Cited by 4
Protocol for the avatar acceptability study: a multiperspective cross-sectional study evaluating the acceptability of using patient-derived xenografts to guide personalised cancer care in Australia and New Zealand
Wakefield, C. E., Doolan, E. L., Fardell, J. E., Signorelli, C., Quinn, V. F., Tucker, K., Patenaude, A. F., Marshall, G. M., Lock, R. B., Georgiou, G., et al. (2018) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024064 · Cited by 4
A comparative evaluation of the efficacy of different mandibular anesthetic techniques in patients with irreversible pulpitis
Sharma, R., Jayakumar, T., Santhosh, L., Srirekha, A., Panchajanya, S., Shwetha, R., & Odedra, K. (2018) · Endodontology · doi:10.4103/endo.endo_67_17 · Cited by 4
The Factors of Influence towards Knowledge Sharing Among TVET Educators: A Study on TVET Educators within Hulu Langat District
Hashim, H. B., Judi, H. M., & Wook, T. S. M. T. (2017) · International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science · doi:10.22161/ijaers.4.2.37 · Cited by 4
The Influence of Leadership Styles on the Implementation of the Strategic Plans in Non-Governmental Organisations in Kisumu County, Kenya
Joram, O. (2018) · European Business & Management · doi:10.11648/j.ebm.20180401.13 · Cited by 4
A study of diabetic foot patients in a tertiary care premier teaching hospital
Jain, A. K. C., & Viswanath, S. (2019) · International Journal of Surgery Science · doi:10.33545/surgery.2019.v3.i1d.31 · Cited by 4
Early Trauma Subtypes are Differentially Related to Anxiety Symptomatology and Suicidal Ideation in Panic Disorder
Kim, H.-J., Kim, J., Yook, K.-H., Choi, T. K., & Lee, S. (2023) · Psychiatry Investigation · doi:10.30773/pi.2023.0371 · Cited by 4
Perturbation context in paced finger tapping tunes the error-correction mechanism
Silva, A. D., & Laje, R. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-78786-5 · Cited by 4
Influence of different patient positions on erector spinae plane block spread in modified radical mastectomy: a prospective randomized comparative study
Hozien, A. I., El-Karadawy, S. A., Agameya, H. M., Ahmed, W. M., & Elsosy, A. F. (2025) · BMC Anesthesiology · doi:10.1186/s12871-025-03231-7 · Cited by 3
Second victim experiences and perceived support among newly registered nurses following patient safety incidents: a cross-sectional study
Xie, N., Ye, L., & Tan, P. (2026) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2026.1813803 · Cited by 3
Prevalence of stress among postgraduate junior residents in Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Ramya, H. S., R., N. A. A., C., R. P. T., & Awati, M. (2019) · International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics · doi:10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20192034 · Cited by 3
Efficacy of Ḥammām-i-yābis (dry bath) in metabolic syndrome: a single arm, open-labelled clinical trial
Ahmad, M. Z., Ansari, A. N., & Nayab, M. (2021) · Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine · doi:10.1515/jcim-2021-0072 · Cited by 3
Efficacy of Sharbat-e-Afsanteen (Artemisia absinthium L.) on altered liver enzymes among alcoholics – A randomized single-blind controlled clinical trial
Fatima, N., Siddiqui, M. A., Riyazuddin, M., & Shahid, A. (2023) · Journal of Herbal Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.hermed.2023.100623 · Cited by 3
Critical Appraisal of Randomized Controlled Trials: An Overview
Maheshwarappa, H. M., & Majumder, S. (2023) · Indian Journal of Respiratory Care · doi:10.5005/jp-journals-11010-1040 · Cited by 3
Behavioral Determinants of Physical Activity Among Secondary School Students Aged 14–15 Years in Cambodia
Konharn, K., Po, S., Karawa, J., Sangpara, P., & Johnson, L. D. (2023) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.2022-0666 · Cited by 3
A central serotonin regulating gene polymorphism (TPH2) determines vulnerability to acute tryptophan depletion-induced anxiety and ventromedial prefrontal threat reactivity in healthy young men
Liu, C., Li, K., Fu, M., Zhang, Y., Sindermann, C., Montag, C., Zheng, X., Zhang, H., Yao, S., Wang, Z., et al. (2023) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.08.484 · Cited by 4
Total intravenous anesthesia decreases hospital stay but not incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications after lung resection surgery: a propensity score matching study
Hsu, F.-K., Cheng, H., Teng, W.-N., Hsu, P., Hsu, H., Chang, W., & Ting, C. (2023) · BMC Anesthesiology · doi:10.1186/s12871-023-02260-4 · Cited by 3
Quantification of functional hemodynamics in aortic valve disease using cardiac computed tomography angiography
Liu, X., Guo, G., Wang, A., Wang, Y., Chen, S., Zhao, P., Yin, Z., Liu, S., Gao, Z., Zhang, H., et al. (2024) · Computers in Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108608 · Cited by 3
Normative values and the influence of sex, hand dominance, and direction of movement on active wrist joint position sense in young healthy adults
Shetty, S., Neelapala, Y. V. R., & Vishal, K. (2024) · Musculoskeletal Science and Practice · doi:10.1016/j.msksp.2024.103140 · Cited by 3
Factors Predicting Nonadherence to Treatment Recommendations for Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain in India: A Cross-Sectional Survey.
Ganesh, G., Khan, A., Khan, A., Dhiman, S., & Ahmad, A. (2024) · Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.jmpt.2024.02.007 · Cited by 3
Validity of quantitative values of quantitative light-induced fluorescent (QLF) device for pulp diagnosis of teeth with cracks
Son, S., Park, S., Jung, Y., Kim, J., & Park, J. (2025) · Journal of Dentistry · doi:10.1016/j.jdent.2025.105579 · Cited by 3
Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide in healthy elderly Tunisian subjects
Sfaxi, I., Saad, H. B., & Rouatbi, S. (2015) · Nitric Oxide · doi:10.1016/j.niox.2015.08.008 · Cited by 3
Determinants of uptake of pentavalent vaccine in Benin city, Southern Nigeria
Ogboghodo, E. O., Esene, H., & Okojie, O. H. (2016) · International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health · doi:10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20163935 · Cited by 3
Effect of Sugar-Free and Regular Toothpaste on Salivary Glucose and pH among Type 2 Diabetes- A Randomized Crossover Trial
Kapadia, J. (2017) · JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC RESEARCH · doi:10.7860/jcdr/2017/25580.10250 · Cited by 4
Analysis of the ipsilateral and the contralateral foot in patients admitted with diabetic foot complication through Amit Jain’s triple assessment for foot in diabetes
Jain, A. K. C., Jabbar, S., & Gopal, S. (2018) · International Surgery Journal · doi:10.18203/2349-2902.isj20182251 · Cited by 3
Socio-Demographic and Maternal Risk Factors of Malaria among Pregnant Women attending AnteNatal Care in Zamfara State, Nigeria
Hadiza, K., Rahman, H. A., Hayati, K. S., & Ismaila, U. G. (2018) · Madridge Journal of Women s Health and Emancipation · doi:10.18689/mjwh-1000109 · Cited by 3
Supplementation of Ocean-Based Advance Protein Powder (APP) for Restoration of Body Growth, Bone Development and Immune Functions in Protein Malnourished Mice: Implications for Preventing Child Malnutrition
Yang, K. P., Wong, C. P., Khanna, S. K., & Bray, T. Μ. (2020) · Ecology of Food and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/03670244.2020.1754811 · Cited by 3
Vertical gingival display changes associated with upper premolars extraction orthodontic treatment: A prospective clinical trial
Fallas, M., Alhaija, E. S. A., Alkhateeb, S., & Samawi, S. S. B. (2020) · Journal of Clinical and Experimental Dentistry · doi:10.4317/jced.57538 · Cited by 3
Effectiveness of Educational Intervention on Improving Preventive Behaviors in Fireworks Injuries: Applying the Extended Parallel Process Model
Barati, M., Rastegar, K. E., Bagheri, S., Usefi, J., Hosseini, A., Saeedi, S., & Parandan, G. (2021) · Journal of Education and Community Health · doi:10.52547/jech.8.2.81 · Cited by 3
How Many Trials are Needed to Assess Ankle Joint Proprioception in Children with Chronic Ankle Instability?
Kunritt, J., Lekskulchai, R., & Wattananon, P. (2021) · Trends in Sciences · doi:10.48048/tis.2021.25 · Cited by 3
Evaluation of the legal measures taken by dentists in the endodontic treatments in Turkey; A questionnaire survey
Arıcan, B. (2022) · Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences · doi:10.30621/jbachs.942061 · Cited by 3
Effect of Urogenital Infection Educational Program on Women Knowledge and Practices
Sayed, M. A., Fouad, A. L., Belal, S., Breboneria, B. J. L., & Abobaker, R. M. (2022) · The Open Nursing Journal · doi:10.2174/18744346-v16-e2112230 · Cited by 3
Effects of Oral Supplementation with Paprika Xanthophylls on Human Skin Moisture
Yatsuhashi, H., Takumi, H., Terada, Y., & Kuriki, T. (2022) · Journal of Oleo Science · doi:10.5650/jos.ess21427 · Cited by 4
Assessment of Saudi Physicians and Physical Therapists' Adherence to the Updated Clinical Practice Guideline for Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo: A Cross-Sectional Study
Alhakami, B. A., & Almarwani, M. (2022) · International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology · doi:10.1055/s-0042-1742775 · Cited by 3
Risk and main contributing factors for constipation in patients with gastrointestinal cancer: a multicenter cross-sectional study in China
Ma, X., Lü, Q., Lu, Y., & Li, X. (2022) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-022-07255-4 · Cited by 3
Prevalence, pattern and perceived benefits of unani medicines usage in diabetes: A patient-based survey at a Primary Health Centre of Bengaluru, India
Itrat, M., & Akhlaq, S. (2022) · Journal of Herbal Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.hermed.2022.100591 · Cited by 3
The effect of treadmill walk with abdominal bracing versus usual care on functional limitation and fear-avoidance behaviours in the management of non-specific low back pain—a randomized control study
Olowe, O. O., Sokunbi, O., Salisu, A., & Okafor, A. C. (2022) · Bulletin of Faculty of Physical Therapy · doi:10.1186/s43161-022-00084-w · Cited by 3
Application of hot medicated fomentation for pain alleviation in non-specific low back pain - A randomized controlled clinical trial
Khan, F., Ansari, A. N., & Nayab, M. (2023) · Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies · doi:10.1016/j.jbmt.2023.04.075 · Cited by 3
Quality Health Services for Adolescents: Assessing Awareness and Use of Adolescent Sexual Reproductive Health Services in Keta, Ghana
Akakpo, E., Sah, C., Kumah, A., Fianu, P. L., Oppong, D., & Kodjo, M. M. (2024) · Global Journal on Quality and Safety in Healthcare · doi:10.36401/jqsh-23-19 · Cited by 3
Effect of Habbe Gule Aakh in osteoarthritis knee: A randomised clinical trail
Begum, M., Quamri, M. A., & Habibullah, V. (2024) · International Journal of Orthopaedics Sciences · doi:10.22271/ortho.2024.v10.i2a.3530 · Cited by 3
Erythrocyte membrane fatty acid concentrations and myelin integrity in young people at ultra-high risk of psychosis
Collins, M., Bartholomeusz, C., Mei, C., Kerr, M., Spark, J., Wallis, N., Polari, A. R., Baird, S., Buccilli, K., Dempsey, S.-J. A., et al. (2024) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115966 · Cited by 3
2023 Türkiye Depremleri Sonrası Sporcularda Sosyal Medya Kaynaklı İkincil Travmatik Stres ve Ruh Sağlığı Sürekliliği İlişkisinde Bilinçli Farkındalığın Rolü
Tıngaz, E. O., Kılıç, B. N., Erul, B., Sevilmiş, U., Akbaş, Y., Engür, B., & Artan, H. Ş. (2024) · Resilience · doi:10.32569/resilience.1440323 · Cited by 3
Effects of a comprehensive educational program on health behaviors and awareness of HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C in men with substance use disorders
Sharifi, E., Ghelbash, Z., Karami, A., & Musarezaie, A. (2024) · Middle East Current Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s43045-024-00432-7 · Cited by 3
Evaluating food security and nutritional pathways of rural farm families: Empirical evidence from northeast India
Kumar, P., Sangma, S. N., Devi, C. B., Lahiri, B., Kencharaddi, H., & Vastrad, J. V. (2024) · Evaluation and Program Planning · doi:10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2024.102478 · Cited by 3
Evaluation of the add on effect of Majoone Sarkhas with levothyroxine in primary hypothyroidism: a randomized standard control adjuvant clinical study
Alam, M. A., Quamri, M. A., Sofi, G., & Haider, N. (2025) · Drug Metabolism and Personalized Therapy · doi:10.1515/dmpt-2024-0096 · Cited by 3
The Effect of Harmonic Technique vs End Range Loading Exercises on Pain and Disability in Patients With Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain: A Preliminary Study
Arab, A. M., Saadati, H., & Sheikhhoseini, R. (2016) · Journal of Chiropractic Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.jcm.2016.02.007 · Cited by 3
The prevalence of an interrupted poly-C tract variant harboring mitochondrial DNA haplogroup B and its association with reduced susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in Korea
Kim, K. C., Lee, S. G., Kim, J. A., Choi, E. J., & Kim, W. (2015) · Genes & Genomics · doi:10.1007/s13258-015-0323-0 · Cited by 3
Standard of reporting animal-based experimental research in Indian Journal of Pharmacology
Aiman, U., & Rahman, S. Z. (2015) · Indian Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.4103/0253-7613.165188 · Cited by 3
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF GLYCOSYLATED HAEMOGLOBIN WITH BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF DIABETES MELLITUS
St, K., Nagaraja, B. S., Prashant, A., Chandra Mohan, G., & Gowdaiah, P. K. (2014) · Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences · doi:10.14260/jemds/2014/2760 · Cited by 3
The Integration Of Tall Buildings In Urban Environment: Considering The Key Sustainability Concepts
TOHUMCU, T., & Çakmaklı, A. B. (2017) · METU Journal of the Faculty of Architecture · doi:10.4305/metu.jfa.2017.1.4 · Cited by 3
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE SEVERITY OF PAIN IN PATIENTS WITH PERIPHERAL DIABETIC NEUROPATHY
Al-Mahmood, S. M. A., Razak, T. A., Ahmad, N. N. F. N., Mohamed, A. H., & Abdullah, S. T. C. (2017) · Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research · doi:10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i10.20043 · Cited by 3
Analysis of cellulitis in diabetic lower limb along with its local complications using Amit Jain’s staging system: a cross sectional descriptive study
Gopal, S., & Santosh, M. P. (2017) · International Surgery Journal · doi:10.18203/2349-2902.isj20175110 · Cited by 3
Psychological effects of Cpr training methods on high school students: a randomized trial
Koca, B., Bayram, B., Pakdemirli, A., & Bektaş, M. (2020) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-020-01198-x · Cited by 3
The Immediate Effect of Dynamic Stretching and Foam Rolling on Hamstring Flexibility and Vertical Jump in College Students
Yogeshwar, P., & Bhat, I. B. (2021) · Acta Scientific Orthopaedics · doi:10.31080/asor.2021.04.0326 · Cited by 3
On Building and Evaluating a Medical Records Exploration Interface Using Text Mining Techniques
Torres-Parejo, Ú., Campaña, J. R., Vila, M. A., & Delgado, M. (2021) · Entropy · doi:10.3390/e23101275 · Cited by 2
Self-Management Program to Adapt with Multiple Sclerosis Problems and Enhance Quality of Life
Saad, A. M., & Elfetoh, E. E. E. A. (2021) · Assiut Scientific Nursing Journal · doi:10.21608/asnj.2021.91708.1225 · Cited by 3
Factors related to indoor prosthetic use in individuals with unilateral lower limb amputation
Tezuka, Y., Chin, T., Azuma, Y., & Miura, Y. (2021) · Prosthetics and Orthotics International · doi:10.1097/pxr.0000000000000062 · Cited by 3
Effect of Aelwa (Aloe barbadensis Mill.) in fissure in Ano: A prospective study
Nizam, R., & Ansari, M. S. (2022) · Advances in Integrative Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.aimed.2022.01.001 · Cited by 3
Methods for conducting trends analysis: roadmap for comparing outcomes from three national HIV Population-based household surveys in Kenya (2007, 2012, and 2018)
Achia, T., Cervantes, I. F., Stupp, P., Musingila, P. K., Muthusi, J., Waruru, A., Schmitz, M. E., Bronson, M. A., Chang, G., Bore, J., et al. (2022) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-022-13633-8 · Cited by 3
Compassion Fatigue and Crisis Workers' Attitude to Work
Loolo, M. A. (2016) · ScholarWorks (Walden University) · Cited by 3
The Trauma Recovery and Empowerment Model: A Trauma-Informed Treatment Program for Female Offenders in the Community
Cihlar, B. E. (2014) · ProQuest Demo Repository · Cited by 3
Strategies to Improve Patient Satisfaction and Organizational performance in Health Care
Heppell, L. (2016) · ScholarWorks (Walden University) · Cited by 3
Factors Related to Indoor Prosthetic Use in Individuals with Unilateral Lower Limb Amputation
手塚, 勇., テヅカ, ユ., & Tezuka, Y. (2022) · Kobe University Repository Kernel (Kobe University) · Cited by 3
Observer Effect in Social Media UsePreprint
Saha, K., Gupta, P., Mark, G. J., Kıcıman, E., & Choudhury, M. D. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2492994/v1 · Cited by 3
The Impact of Spatial Occlusion Training on Complex Motor Skills in Sport
Dunton, A. (2020) · doi:10.34719/8jvp-pt85 · Cited by 3
Efficacy of Unani formulation in acne vulgaris: An open-labeled single-arm clinical trial
Anjum, S., & Bhat, M. D. A. (2022) · Journal of Research in Unani Medicine · doi:10.4103/jrum.jrum_16_23 · Cited by 2
Insights into medication adherence among Jordanian patients with dyslipidemia: evaluating health literacy, well-being, and doctor-patient communication
Barakat, M. M., Thiab, S. H., Abdulrazzaq, S. B., Al-Jamal, M., AlHariri, F., Ammari, R. B., Mansour, S., Khatib, S. E., Hallit, S. R., Hosseini, B., et al. (2024) · Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice · doi:10.1080/20523211.2024.2410199 · Cited by 2
Comparative impact of the affordable care act on breast cancer outcomes among women in two US states
Akinyemi, O. A., Fasokun, M., Weldeslase, T. A., Odusanya, E., Akinyemi, I., Geter, K., Akula, M., Michael, M. B., Hughes, K., & Williams, R. (2024) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2024.1460714 · Cited by 2
Perioperative aspirin and coronary artery bypass graft surgery: An updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Gupta, A. K., Zaka, A., Lombardo, A., Tsimiklis, J., Stretton, B., Kovoor, J. G., Bacchi, S., Ramponi, F., Chan, J. C. Y., Thiagalingam, A., et al. (2024) · Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.surg.2024.109003 · Cited by 2
Factors in Household Settings Linked to the Feeding and Nutritional Status of Children Aged 6-23 months in Rural Farming Districts, Ghana
Nsiah-Asamoah, C. N. A., Adjei, G., Agblorti, S. K. M., & Doku, D. T. (2024) · Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal · doi:10.12944/crnfsj.12.3.20 · Cited by 2
Assessing the application of adapted theory of planned behaviour in predicting postpartum family planning intentions in a pragmatic randomized control trial in Western Kenya
Shisanya, M. S., Kipmerewo, M., Morema, E. N., & Ouma, C. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0315029 · Cited by 2
Bias or Insufficient Sample Size? Improving Reliable Estimation of Algorithmic Bias for Minority Groups
Choi, J., Karumbaiah, S., & Matayoshi, J. (2025) · International Conference on Learning Analytics and Knowledge (LAK) · doi:10.1145/3706468.3706540 · Cited by 4
Online patient simulation for suicide risk assessment: a pilot study assessing skills and confidence in MSW students
Sellers, C. M., Gavis-Hughson, S., Iriarte, A. D.-V., Dacey, E., & Collin, C.-R. R. (2025) · Social Work Education · doi:10.1080/02615479.2025.2481065 · Cited by 2
Artificial Intelligence Meets Bioequivalence: Using Generative Adversarial Networks for Smarter, Smaller Trials
Nikolopoulos, A., & Karalis, V. D. (2025) · Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction · doi:10.3390/make7020047 · Cited by 3
Efficacy and Safety of MT104, A Dietary Supplement Based on Cuscuta Seeds and Heat-Killed Probiotics, on Cognitive Function in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A 12-Week, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Kim, B., Kwon, M., Yim, S., Park, J., Lee, C., Chae, S., Choi, J. G., Park, S. C., Sohn, M. W., Choi, S. Z., et al. (2025) · Journal of Medicinal Food · doi:10.1089/jmf.2024.k.0267 · Cited by 2
Impact of contract farming on householders' income, intensification, and land productivity in Ethiopia: evidence from smallholder malt barley producers in the highlands of the Central and Southern Oromia region
Challa, T. G., Dube, E. B., Dawid, I., & Fathelrahman, E. (2025) · Frontiers in Environmental Economics · doi:10.3389/frevc.2025.1415517 · Cited by 2
Factors Related to Dementia Preventive Self‐Management Behaviors Among Community‐Dwelling Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Pipatpiboon, N., Sripetchwandee, J., & Bressington, D. T. (2025) · Journal of Nursing Scholarship · doi:10.1111/jnu.70038 · Cited by 2
Diffusion of Cryptocurrency Among Arab Adopters: How Are Digital Technostress, Ethical Concerns, and Government Regulations Interconnected?
Daana, A. A. N. N., & Yeşilada, F. (2025) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/21582440251357552 · Cited by 2
Attitudes toward cancer screening and its’ associated factors: a cross-sectional study
Sarkhani, N., Negarandeh, R., & Farhoudi, N. (2025) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-025-25645-1 · Cited by 2
A Hybrid Deep Learning and Explainable AI Framework for Early Detection of Type 2 Diabetes: A Multi-Factor Approach
Kashani, M., Barzehkar, S., & Kamani, M. (2025) · Shiraz E-Medical Journal · doi:10.5812/semj-166066 · Cited by 2
Global Trials, Local Relevance: A Scientific and Regulatory Framework for Regional Enrollment in Cancer Drug Development
Horgan, D., Maravic, Z., Mastris, K., Rasheed, H. M. A., Reduzzi, C., Bounedjar, A., Elghazaly, H. A., Mohar, A., Pestana, R. C., Lal, J. A., et al. (2026) · JCO Global Oncology · doi:10.1200/go-25-00285 · Cited by 2
Gut integrity, systemic inflammation and exacerbations of COPD: the role of I-FABP
Peerlings, D. E. M., Sprooten, R. T. M., Wouters, E. F. �., Lenaerts, K., Reynaert, N. L., Groenen, M. T. J., Houben‐Wilke, S., Simons, S. O., & Franssen, F. M. E. (2026) · Respiratory Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2026.108737 · Cited by 2
Protocol of a Clinical Trial: Elements, Concerns and Potential Solutions
Shrivastava, S. R. (2015) · Biology and Medicine · doi:10.4172/0974-8369.1000228 · Cited by 3
Osteo-regeneration personalized for children by rapid maxillary expansion: an imaging study based on synchrotron radiation microtomography
Giuliani, A., Mazzoni, S., Mangano, C., Zecca, P. A., Caprioglio, A., Vercellini, N., Raspanti, M., Mangano, F. G., Piattelli, A., Iezzi, G., et al. (2018) · BMC Oral Health · doi:10.1186/s12903-018-0590-7 · Cited by 2
Optimal number of Fucus vesiculosus samples to differentiate between sites affected by distinct levels of heavy metal contamination
García-Seoane, R., Aboal, J. R., & Fernández, J. Á. (2020) · Aquatic Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105465 · Cited by 2
CONVENTIONAL AND NON-CONVENTIONAL RISK FACTORS OF CYANOTIC AND ACYANOTIC CONGENITAL HEART DISEASES IN CHILDREN OF SOUTHERN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
Shahid, S., & Akbar, A. (2020) · Pakistan Heart Journal · doi:10.47144/phj.v53i2.1698 · Cited by 2
Efficacy of Habb-e-Asab in diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a randomized placebo control study
Nizamdeen, F. N., Quamri, M. A., & Alam, M. A. (2022) · Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1515/jbcpp-2021-0330 · Cited by 2
Muscle Dysmorphia in Fitness Center Members: Its Affecting Factors and Impacts
Fitranti, D. Y., Widyastuti, N., Noer, E. R., Rahadiyanti, A., Dieny, F. F., Purwanti, R., Sandi, D. K., & Destikasari, W. (2022) · Kesmas National Public Health Journal · doi:10.21109/kesmas.v17i2.5705 · Cited by 2
Clinical efficacy ofMajoon FalasfaandRoghan-e-Surkhin post-stroke-disability: an open labeled, pre-post analysis
Ahmad, I., Ahmad, T., & Quamri, M. A. (2020) · Drug metabolism and drug interactions · doi:10.1515/dmpt-2020-0144 · Cited by 2
Assessment of microvesicles from different cell origins in patients with psoriasis: evidence of thrombogenic, proinflammatory microenvironment in the absence of established cardiovascular disease
Margouta, A., Anyfanti, P., Lazaridis, A. A., Gavriilaki, E., Yiannaki, E. E., Nikolaidou, B., Goulas, K., Lazaridou, E., Triantafyllou, Α., Δούμα, Σ., et al. (2022) · Journal of Human Hypertension · doi:10.1038/s41371-022-00787-6 · Cited by 2
Association between genetic polymorphisms of synaptophysin (SYP) gene and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in Korean subjects
Kim, H. J., Kim, S. Y., Kim, G. E., & Jin, H. J. (2023) · Genes & Genomics · doi:10.1007/s13258-023-01393-7 · Cited by 2
The effect of allergies on outcomes following shoulder arthroplasty: A national database analysis of 154,478 patients
Patel, A. V., Stevens, A. J., Shahzad, H., Iyer, A. I., Ragland, D. A., Cvetanovich, G. L., Bishop, J. Y., & Rauck, R. C. (2023) · Shoulder & Elbow · doi:10.1177/17585732231194615 · Cited by 2
A cross-sectional analysis of prevalence of dental anomalies by CBCT images: An institutional-based retrospective study
Hassan, M., Alkhames, H. M., Alzouri, S. S., & Kodali, M. V. R. M. (2024) · Journal of international oral health · doi:10.4103/jioh.jioh_162_23 · Cited by 2
Health behaviors, knowledge, screening, and attitudes toward colorectal cancer among Iraqi adults
Mohammad, B. F., & Andsoy, I. I. (2024) · Public Health Nursing · doi:10.1111/phn.13302 · Cited by 2

Authors: Suresh, K., & Chandrashekara, S.
Affiliations: National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology (IN)
Department of Immunology and Reumatology, ChanRe Rheumatology and Immunology Center and Research, Bangalore, India
ORCID: Suresh, KP
Chandrashekara, S
Venue: Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2012-01
Volume: 5
Issue: 1
Pages: 7-13
ISSN: 0974-1208 (ISSN-L)
1998-4766
DOI: 10.4103/0974-1208.97779
PMC: PMC3409926
OpenAlex: W2038287973
Cited by: 1,024
References: 20
Citations by year: 2026: 47 · 2025: 94 · 2024: 115 · 2023: 98 · 2022: 127 · 2021: 118 · 2020: 85 · 2019: 65 · 2018: 62 · 2017: 56 · 2016: 52 · 2015: 67 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 6
FWCI: 31.52
Type: journal article
Language: en
Status: Retracted
Update notices: retraction (2015-07-01)
Open access: diamond
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc-sa
Locations: Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Epidemiology
Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Probability and Statistical Research
Keywords: sample size determination, statistical power, clinical research design, two-group comparison, proportion, rates, correlation, case-control study, categorical outcomes, survey studies

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Sample size estimation and power analysis for clinical research studies

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks