Evaluation of Success of Stainless Steel Crowns Placed Using the Hall Technique in Children with High Caries Risk: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the clinical efficacy and survival rates of the hall technique (HT), and conventional restoration (CR) for the management of occlusoproximal carious lesions in primary molars. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This clinical study observed 35 children (aged 4-8 years). Exclusion criteria included symptoms of pulpal or periradicular pathology or systemic conditions requiring special dental considerations. For each child, at least one tooth was treated with HT and one with CR. The primary outcome measures were minor and major clinical failure rates. Plaque and gingival scores of the teeth were also evaluated. Friedman test and Wilcoxon signed ranks test were used to compare the plaque and gingival index scores for each arm. Chi-square tests were used for comparisons of clinical outcomes, plaque-gingival index, and distribution of ICDAS categories among treatment arms (P < 0.05). RESULTS: Thirty-three of 35 (94.2%) participants returned for 1-year follow-up. HT showed statistically significantly higher treatment survival rate and fewer minor failures than CR (P = 0.040). The rate of major failures was minimal (2 of 84 teeth) and did not differ between treatments (P = 0.092). In both treatment groups, the gingival score and plaque score were significantly decreased at the 1-year follow-up (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: HT was a more successful method for managing caries in primary molars than CR, both for symptoms of pulpal disease and longevity of the restorations. HT is a simplified method of managing carious primary molars using SSCs cemented with no local anesthesia, caries removal, or tooth preparation.
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When compared to conventional restorations, specifically with GIC restorations, Hall technique was shown to have significantly lower minor failure rates.
“When compared to conventional restorations, specifically with GIC restorations, HT was shown to have significantly lower minor failure rates [22], [23].”
From Hall technique for primary teeth: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2022) · cites this paper as [22]
Gingival index was found to be significantly better in both Hall technique and control groups after treatment in one study.
“However, GI was found to be significantly better in both HT and control groups after treatment in one study [22]”
From Hall technique for primary teeth: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2022) · cites this paper as [22]
With regards to major failures, Hall technique was found to have similar rates when compared to conventional restorations.
“With regards to major failures, HT was found to have similar rates when compared to conventional restorations [22], [23].”
From Hall technique for primary teeth: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2022) · cites this paper as [22]
Gingival index was not found to be different between Hall technique and control groups in three studies.
“Gingival index (GI) was not found to be different in three studies between HT and control groups [20], [22], [24].”
From Hall technique for primary teeth: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2022) · cites this paper as [22]
For studies not included in the meta-analysis, Hall technique had a success rate ranging from 85% to 93%.
“For the studies not included in the meta-analysis, [22], [23], [24] HT had a success rate ranging from 85 % to 93 %.”
From Hall technique for primary teeth: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2022) · cites this paper as [22]
The finding that Hall technique is more likely to succeed than direct restorations was supported by other studies not included in the meta-analysis.
“This was supported by the other studies not included in the meta-analysis [22], [23].”
From Hall technique for primary teeth: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2022) · cites this paper as [22]
Most of the included studies had pre-operative radiographic assessment, with the exception of three studies.
“Most of the studies had pre-operative radiographic assessment with the exception of 3 studies [17], [20], [22].”
From Hall technique for primary teeth: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2022) · cites this paper as [22]
The other three included studies were split mouth studies, with two including two teeth (control and intervention) per subject and the other including two or more teeth per subject.
“while the other three studies were split mouth studies with two including two teeth (control and intervention) per subject [19], [21] and the other including two or more teeth per subject [22].”
From Hall technique for primary teeth: A systematic review and meta-analysis (2022) · cites this paper as [22]
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- Authors
- Kaptan, A., & Korkmaz, E.
- Affiliations
- Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi (TR)
- Corresponding author
- Kaptan, A
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice
- Published
- 2021-03
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 425-434
- ISSN
- 1119-3077 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3136966405
- Cited by
- 27
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2
- FWCI
- 4.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Locations
- Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Orthodontics › Dental materials and restorations
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Oral Surgery › Endodontics and Root Canal Treatments
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Dental Health and Care Utilization
- Keywords
- Hall technique, stainless steel crowns, primary molars, high caries risk, pediatric dentistry, restoration longevity, caries management, minimally invasive dentistry
- MeSH terms
- Child, Child, Preschool, Crowns, Dental Caries, Dental Caries Susceptibility, Dental Restoration, Permanent, Humans, Molar, Stainless Steel, Tooth, Deciduous
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