The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Template Analysis for Business and Management Students
Abstract
Part of SAGE’s Mastering Business Research Methods, conceived and edited by Bill Lee, Mark N. K. Saunders and Vadake K. Narayanan and designed to support researchers by providing in-depth and practical guidance on using a chosen method of data collection or analysis. In Template Analysis for Business and Management Students Nigel King and Joanna Brookes guide you through the origins of template analysis and its place in qualitative research, its basic components, and the main strengths and limitations of this method. Practical case studies and examples from published research then guide you through how to use it in your own research project. Ideal for Business and Management students reading for a Master’s degree, each book in the series may also serve as a reference book for doctoral students and faculty members interested in the method. Watch the editors introduce the Mastering Business Research Methods series and tell you more about the first three books.
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“Template analysis as a method of qualitative data analysis is philosophically flexible, but has been employed in this study using a critical perspective ([29]; p.15), whereby we argue “realities which exist independent of human activity””
From Preliminary findings on the experiences of care for parents who suffered perinatal bereavement during the COVID-19 pandemic (2021) · cites this paper as [29]
In the citing paper
“The iterative approach to coding and quotation selection meant, when saturation of data and themes had been reached, transcripts could be compared to ensure the most illustrative quotations were selected and presented in the results section which follows [29].”
From Preliminary findings on the experiences of care for parents who suffered perinatal bereavement during the COVID-19 pandemic (2021) · cites this paper as [29]
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Items 301–387 of 387
Chizaryfard, A., & Karakaya, E. (2022) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4035155
“During this process, we experimented with various methods and benefited from both the realistic paradigm (King et al., 2018; e.g., King and Brooks, 2017) and the relativist tradition in qualitative research (e.g., Alvesson and Sk ¨ oldberg, 2000; Pierre and Jackson, 2014).”
MethodAn exploration of value discourses in legal education
Nicholson, A. (2021) · Sheffield Hallam University · doi:10.7190/shu-thesis-00425
Levkov, N., Jacks, T., & Boateng, R. (2022) · The Electronic Journal of Information Systems in Developing Countries · doi:10.1002/isd2.12244
“First, thematic analysis is a useful method for examining the perspectives of different research participants (in our case business and IT professionals) highlighting similarities and differences and generating unanticipated insights (Braun & Clarke, 2006; King & Brooks, 2017).”
MethodWhy Libraries Matter in the New Diplomacy Era?
Mariano, R. (2022) · Informaatiotutkimus · doi:10.23978/inf.122593
“All the data will be transcribed, coded, and analyzed using template analysis, a form of thematic analysis ((Braun and Clarke, 2022; King and Brooks, 2017)).”
MethodThe Influence of Institutions on E-Cigarette Retailers—A Intrinsic Case Study in E-Cig Industry
Li, W. (2022) · Journal of World Economy · doi:10.56397/jwe.2022.12.05
Innovating the Invisible and Intangible - Value Creation in B2B Service
Struwe, S. (2022) · VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet) · doi:10.54337/aau510565695
Template analyse: coderen moet je leren
Beuving, J., & Rap, E. (2023) · KWALON · doi:10.5117/kwa2023.2.003.beuv
Becquer, A., Hindrichs, I., & Álvarez, L. P. (2023) · Psicología Conocimiento y Sociedad · doi:10.26864/pcs.v13.n1.3
Het belang van relatiekwaliteit in het hoger onderwijs
Snijders, I., Wijnia, L., Rikers, R. M. J. P., & Loyens, S. M. M. (2022) · Tijdschrift voor Hoger Onderwijs · doi:10.59532/tvho.v40i1.13400
Working in the gig economy: A relational perspective of decent work
Khan, M. H. (2023) · Queensland University of Technology · doi:10.5204/thesis.eprints.244015
Love leadership: an exploration of agapé in leadership practice
Klipan, H. (2022) · Sheffield Hallam University · doi:10.7190/shu-thesis-00573
Habib, A. (2024) · International Journal of Sustainable Approach to Education Practice · doi:10.59268/taas/010520244
The Blurry Line Between Corporation and Cult: A Retrospective Autoethnographic Study
Graamans, E. (2024) · The Qualitative Report · doi:10.46743/2160-3715/2024.6398
Managing work and leisure in the digital age: A practice exploration of digital nomadism
Rainoldi, M. (2024) · European Journal of Tourism Research · doi:10.54055/ejtr.v37i.3623
“The insights obtained from 224 digital diaries and 32 semi-structured in-depth online interviews were analysed by applying a mixed method analysis strategy consisting of a) template analysis (King & Brooks, 2017) and b) archetypal analysis (Seth & Eugster, 2016).”
MethodWhat Are the Competencies of a Leader?
Robinson, J. L., & Renshaw, P. S. J. (2024) · Advances in logistics, operations, and management science book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-1086-1.ch004
Wallace-Watkin, C. (2024) · Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka (Figshare) · doi:10.26686/wgtn.25858234
From small spark to great fire
Grijpma, J. W. (2024) · doi:10.5463/thesis.657
Kular, A., Birken, M., Wood, L., Parkinson, J., Bacarese-Hamilton, T., Blakley, L., Hutchings-Hay, C., Nyikavaranda, P., Alam, D., Ogbolu, R. E., et al. (2024) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2024.06.04.24308430
Evans, T. S., Marwood, J., Kolokotroni, K. Z., Fozard, T. E., Whatnall, M. C., Burrows, T. L., & Ells, L. J. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-4594068/v1
Harrison, L. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-97-5914-9_2
Paracha, S., Hall, L. E., Hagan-Green, G., et al. (2024) · Advances in educational technologies and instructional design book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-8227-1.ch009
Redmore, N., & Tilley, E. (2025) · Tizard Learning Disability Review · doi:10.1108/tldr-05-2024-0020
Rogers, M., Wattis, J. P., Bartys, S., Walters, P., Singh, M., Gulliksen, E., Khan, W., & Curran, S. (2025) · Journal for the Study of Spirituality · doi:10.1080/20440243.2024.2449388
“This was appropriate to the study’s philosophical stance, combining realist ontology, with constructivist epis-temology to build upon previously collected data in an emerging field (King and Brooks 2017).”
Colen, J. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-32257-0_164-1
Chandanabhumma, P. P., Swaminathan, S., Cabrera, L. M., et al. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.02.24.25322824
Critical Success Factors of Lean Six Sigma in Higher Education Institutions
Edaki, L. (2025) · Lecture notes in management and industrial engineering · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-84816-2_21
Learning to read FAST MRI: Qualitative interviews with groups experienced reading mammograms
Harding, S. A., Geach, R., Jones, L. I., et al. (2025) · NIHR Open Research · doi:10.3310/nihropenres.13817.1
Learning to read FAST MRI: Qualitative interviews with groups experienced reading mammograms
Harding, S. A., Geach, R., Jones, L. I., et al. (2025) · NIHR Open Research · doi:10.3310/nihropenres.13817.2
“Using template analysis 19 with the a priori framework of the COM-B model 21 the recognition and preparation for the varying ranges of knowledge and experience of breast MRI (capability) of the participants was reported as being welcomed by all, making everyone feel included and able.”
How high-performance practitioners think and intervene to change technique
Vecchione, J., Bundon, A., Madill, C., & Hodges, N. J. (2025) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102906
Building stronger field teams for better outcomes: the Field Team Impact Kit
Harries, K. (2024) · The Humanitarian Leader · doi:10.21153/thl2024art2047
Booty, M. D., Olvera, R. G., Balvanz, P., Oser, C. B., Shouse, A., & McGladrey, M. (2025) · Sociology of Health & Illness · doi:10.1111/1467-9566.70056
Ditta, J., Longley, V., Woodward‐Nutt, K., Chouliara, N., Thomas, S., Cotterill, S., Bamford, A., Conroy, P., Bowen, A., & Patchwood, E. (2026) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-026-14816-4
“However, the reliability of these reviews was not assessed, as this position acknowledges and values researcher subjectivity in knowledge construction [55, 56].”
Dissanayake, B., & Thinyane, M. (2025) · European Conference on Cyber Warfare and Security · doi:10.34190/eccws.24.1.3570
Political Management in Local Government
Montgomery, J. (2025) · Palgrave studies in political marketing and management · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-88314-9_8
Tiberi, S., Esformes, J. I., Jennings, G., et al. (2025) · International Journal of Physical Education Fitness and Sports · doi:10.54392/ijpefs2523
Use of video to promote skill development in loading machine operators
Best, T., Hooper, B., & Parker, R. (2025) · International Journal of Forest Engineering · doi:10.1080/14942119.2025.2523695
“The interviews were transcribed and then template analysis (King and Brooks 2017) used to break the transcripts down into codes (a label applied to represent a consistent meaning across a number of references from the transcripts - Birks and Mills 2015).”
An exploration of donor and practitioner perspectives on charitable trust
Evans, D. (2025) · Voluntary Sector Review · doi:10.1332/20408056y2025d000000047
Palea, D., Kirby, E., Gruender, M., Min, B., Wang, J., & Lee, D. T. (2025) · ACM Conference on International Computing Education Research (ICER) · doi:10.1145/3702652.3744206
“For thematic analysis, distinctions include Coding Reliability [10, 54], Codebook [18, 28], and Reflexive [11] methods.”
The success of creating HR innovation: empirical findings from award-winning companies in Thailand
Panya, F., & Petchsawang, P. (2025) · Personnel Review · doi:10.1108/pr-11-2023-1012
Baker, L. M., Raban, B., & Oades, L. G. (2025) · Journal of Early Childhood Research · doi:10.1177/1476718x251369233
“Noting in TeA, the template(s) are not the findings of the data analysis but part of the process of analysis and a tool for making sense of the data, assisting with communication of the process (King and Brooks, 2017).”
InfluentialChandanabhumma, P. P., Swaminathan, S., Cabrera, L. M., et al. (2025) · Circulation Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes · doi:10.1161/circoutcomes.125.012073
Khamwan, T. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5674821
The Determinants of Wellness Among Funeral Industry Workers in the Vhembe District Municipality
Ndou, M., & Moloi, T. J. (2025) · International Journal of Applied Research in Business and Management · doi:10.51137/wrp.ijarbm.421 · Cited by 1
Compassionate Perinatal Loss Care Amid the COVID ‐19 Pandemic in Australia: A Qualitative Study
Boyle, F. M., Lohan, A., Dean, J., Loughnan, S. A., Flenady, V., & Silverio, S. A. (2025) · Birth · doi:10.1111/birt.70036 · Cited by 1
Smith, J. A., Lance, H., & Hayes, S. (2025) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-025-13685-7 · Cited by 1
“Template Analysis also differs from other forms of Thematic Analysis in that it does not insist on a clear distinction between descriptive and interpretative themes [33].”
Dang, N. T. T., Ha, V. D., & Pham, D. T. H. (2025) · Journal of Asia Business Studies · doi:10.1108/jabs-08-2024-0483 · Cited by 1
Gen Z from the Perspective of Managers and Comparison with Previous GenerationsPreprint
Ertosun, Ö. G. (2025) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-7846860/v1
Evaluating the feasibility of a co-designed, Māori-centred autism resource for educators
Tupou, J., Wallace-Watkin, C., Ataera, C., Ellison, L., Ellison, R., Everitt, N., Kelly, M., Royal, J., & Waddington, H. (2025) · Journal of Early Childhood Teacher Education · doi:10.1080/10901027.2025.2600030
Morikawa, A. P., & Saarelainen, S.-M. K. (2026) · International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being · doi:10.1080/17482631.2025.2611272
“Based on the analysis, three main themes were identified (King & Brooks, 2017).”
Court, L., Mvududu, R., Dean, S. S., Knight, L., Dovel, K. L., Gandhi, M., Myer, L., Coates, T. J., & Davey, D. J. (2026) · AIDS and Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10461-025-04961-y
“[52] This was applied independently by each coder to analyze a subset of remaining transcripts, alongside regular peer debriefing meetings and use of note-taking, reflexive journals and an audit trail to ensure rigor and reflexivity.”
Walker, K., Asoodar, M., Meguerdichian, M. J., Kolbe, M., Rudolph, J. W., & Teunissen, P. W. (2026) · Medical Teacher · doi:10.1080/0142159x.2026.2621216 · Cited by 1
Colen, J. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-76750-0_164
Carvalho, A. S., Fernandes, Ó. B., Piek, J. J., et al. (2026) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2025-110266
Exploring Dentists’ Views on Professionalism and Identity Formation: A Template Analysis Study
Kwon, J. H., & von Bergmann, H. (2026) · JDR Clinical & Translational Research · doi:10.1177/23800844251413578
“To analyze the data, TA as described by King was used (King 2004; King and Brooks 2017).”
A pragmatic approach to understanding health and wellbeing in high-density apartments
Al-Obaidi, T. (2026) · Cities & Health · doi:10.1080/23748834.2026.2624266
Scholl, J., Winkens, L. H. H., & Veling, H. (2026) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/79141 · Cited by 1
Ng, F. (2026) · Discover Education · doi:10.1007/s44217-026-01390-4
Ralston, K. A. P., Rae, V. I., Mellanby, E., et al. (2026) · Advances in Simulation · doi:10.1186/s41077-026-00413-2
“We analysed the data using template analysis, a flexible deductive approach underpinned by theory-and researcher-driven analysis compatible with a critical realist stance [45, 48].”
The Porous Sheath and Everyday Fashion Sharing
Wang, K., Moraes, C., Szmigin, I. T. D., et al. (2026) · Sociology · doi:10.1177/00380385261428287
“Thematic analysis with NVivo 12 software was used to generate an initial coding template based on our theoretical concerns and the first 10 interview transcripts (King and Brooks, 2017).”
Cabieses, B., Alexandra Obach, K., Madrid, P., Blukacz, A., Sadler, M., Carreño, A. B., & Mezones-Holguin, E. (2026) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/s12877-026-07364-3
Vargas-Bianchi, L., León, L., & Mateus, J.-C. (2026) · Palabra Clave · doi:10.5294/pacla.2025.28.4.5
Beyond local belonging: The socio-political construction of football fandom in Türkiye
Ötkan, C. Ç. (2026) · International Review for the Sociology of Sport · doi:10.1177/10126902261438319
Bornman, D., & James, A. G. (2026) · Journal of Dance Education · doi:10.1080/15290824.2025.2515442
“Data analysis followed King and Brooks’ (2017) seven-step approach, with manual coding done in MS Word.”
Development and validation of the School Contexts of Outdoor Learning (SCOOL) scale
Parkin, N., Hobson, K., Poortinga, W., Stead, M., Newth, J. L., Reeves, J. P., Marshall, M., & Gattis, M. (2026) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2026.103034
Varghese, E. (2026) · International Journal of Administration and Management Research Studies (IJAMRS) · doi:10.63090/ijamrs/3107.9695.0028
Beyond Structural Interventions: The Human Architecture Shaping ESG Integration in Corporate Systems
Schulte, M., & Christopoulos, D. (2026) · Business Strategy and the Environment · doi:10.1002/bse.70936
Creating a Community Pollinator Garden: Values and Emotion Work in a Grassroots Initiative
Neher, A., Wuersch, L., & Small, F. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-12670-2_20
Holubinka, K., Hassane, S., Urlings, C. C., van Lankveld, G., Klemke, R., & de Groot, R. H. M. (2026) · Education and Information Technologies · doi:10.1007/s10639-026-14014-z
“Following initial theme development, these higher-order categories were further refined through recursive engagement with the data, leading to the specifica - tion of subthemes and the reorganisation of underlying codes within the evolving template structure (King & Brooks, 2017).”
InfluentialUnderstanding Freedom and Managing Spaces: The Key Role of Harmonizers
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Rutherford, J., Ellis, J. I., Carter, A. V., et al. (2026) · Journal of Coastal Conservation · doi:10.1007/s11852-026-01216-3
“The interviews facilitated an in-depth examination of the socio-ecological and socio-political dynamics at the intersection of marine conservation and offshore fossil fuel extraction, offering a nuanced understanding of the stake-holders’ issues and perspectives (King and Brooks 2017 ).”
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Ban, S., Lan, X., & Mahmud, S. N. D. (2026) · Science & Education · doi:10.1007/s11191-026-00758-0
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Giunti, G., & Duberley, J. P. (2026) · The Journal of Technology Transfer · doi:10.1007/s10961-026-10366-3
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“We followed the general six-step process outlined by Braun and Clarke [8] and implemented a structured coding procedure, informed by template analysis [55], in which multiple coders collaborated to develop a final codebook or “template” for annotating the text.”
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“A provisional coding framework was developed both inductively and deductively, guided by the study’s aim, the CFIR, and structural empowerment theory, while remaining open to new insights [34].”
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Metadata
- Authors
- King, N., & Brooks, J. M.
- Venue
- SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications Ltd
- Published
- 2017
- OpenAlex
- W2590250792
- Cited by
- 392
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 50 · 2025: 81 · 2024: 71 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 10
- FWCI
- 27.46
- Type
- book
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- SAGE Publications Ltd eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (publishedVersion)
- University of Huddersfield Repository (University of Huddersfield) (submittedVersion)
- Huddersfield Research Portal (University of Huddersfield) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Qualitative Research Methods and Applications
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Strategy and Management › Business Strategies and Management Research
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Business and International Management › Business and Management Studies
- Keywords
- template analysis, qualitative data analysis, qualitative research, business research methods, management research
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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