Normal or defective immune response to Hepatitis B vaccine in patients with diabetes and celiac disease: An open issue
Open accessAbstract
A defective production of protective levels of antibodies to Hepatitis B (HB) vaccine is reported to occur in 4-10% of healthy subjects and a correlation with the presence of specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules, including DQ2, which also confers genetic predisposition to celiac disease (CD) and type I diabetes mellitus (T1DM), has been suggested. The aim of this study was to analyze the serological response to HB vaccine and measles-containing vaccines in 69 diabetic patients (T1DM), 42 patients with celiac disease (CD) and 79 healthy control subjects (CT). The median interval between the third dose of HB vaccine and serum collection was 6.8, 3.5, and 4.7 years for T1DM, CD and CT groups, respectively. 50/69 (72%) T1DM patients, 32/42 (76%) CD patients and 61/79 (77%) CT subjects showed protective anti-HBs antibodies after vaccination, with no statistically significant difference. On the contrary, a lower statistically significant difference was found in the mean HBsAb level of T1DM subjects when compared with the other two groups. No correlation between HLA DQ2 expression in T1DM and vaccine response was detected. The comparison of serological response to measles after vaccination also showed no statistically significant differences in the three groups. Contrasting results between these data and those reported in the literature might be due to differences in the time intervals between vaccination and testing. Prospective studies in pathological and healthy groups with the same age at HBV vaccination and with the same time interval for blood sample collection to determine antibody titers are necessary in order to provide more conclusive data.
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Several studies detected no differences between coeliac disease children and controls in the immune response to poliomyelitis, diphtheria, mumps, pertussis, rubella, tetanus, haemophilus influenzae type b, and measles.
“Several studies detected no differences between CD children and controls in the immune response to poliomyelitis, diphtheria, mumps, and pertussis (45), rubella, tetanus (45, 46), haemophilus influenzae type b (46) and measles (45, 47).”
From ESPGHAN Position Paper on Management and Follow-up of Children and Adolescents With Celiac Disease. (2022) · cites this paper as [47]
The Results report no statistically significant difference in measles antibody responses between children with coeliac disease and controls. The Discussion also reports normal responses to tetanus, rubella, and Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines from other authors. Our copy does not report comparable findings for poliomyelitis, diphtheria, mumps, or pertussis. Page numbers were not provided. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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- Authors
- Zanoni, G., Contreas, G., Valletta, E., Gabrielli, O., Mengoli, C., & Veneri, D.
- Affiliations
- University of Verona (IT)
- Regional Center for Pediatric Diabetes; Azienda ULSS 20 of Verona; Italy
- University of Padua (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Zanoni, Giovanna
- Venue
- Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2014-11-01
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 58-62
- ISSN
- 2164-5515 (ISSN-L)
- 2164-554X
- PMC
- PMC4514307
- OpenAlex
- W2279360770
- Cited by
- 23
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3
- FWCI
- 1.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Celiac Disease Research and Management
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Diabetes and associated disorders
- Keywords
- hepatitis B vaccine, type 1 diabetes, celiac disease, anti-HBs antibody levels, measles vaccine, HLA-DQ2, HLA-DQ8, vaccine response, antibody persistence
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Antibodies, Viral, Celiac Disease, Child, Child, Preschool, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Female, HLA-DQ Antigens, Humans, Infant, Male, Measles Vaccine, Retrospective Studies, Hepatitis B Vaccines, Young Adult
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